›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 3164-3173.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2016.2808

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

承压型隐伏溶洞突水灾变演化过程模型试验

李术才1,潘东东1,许振浩1,李利平1,林 鹏1,袁永才1,高成路1,路 为1, 2   

  1. 1. 山东大学 岩土与结构工程研究中心,山东 济南 250061;2. 交通运输部公路科学研究院,北京 100088
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-01 出版日期:2018-09-11 发布日期:2018-10-08
  • 作者简介:李术才,男,1965年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事断裂损伤及岩体稳定性方面的教学与研究工作。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(No.51509147);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(No.2013CB036000);国家自然科学基金面上基金(No.51679131)。

A model test on catastrophic evolution process of water inrush of a concealed karst cave filled with confined water

LI Shu-cai1, PAN Dong-dong1, XU Zhen-hao1, LI Li-ping1, LIN Peng1, YUAN Yong-cai1, GAO Cheng-lu1, LU Wei1,2   

  1. 1. Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China; 2. Research Institute of Highway, Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China
  • Received:2016-12-01 Online:2018-09-11 Published:2018-10-08
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51509147); the National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (973 Program) (2013CB036000)and the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51679131).

摘要: 岩溶隧址区强致灾性承压隐伏溶洞较为发育,为研究隧道开挖诱发隔水岩体破裂突水致灾机制,以利川至万州高速公路齐岳山隧道为工程背景,研制了流固耦合相似材料,提出了承压溶洞制备新工艺,自主研发了大型隧道突水灾变演化模拟试验系统。针对隧道开挖方式与溶洞发育尺寸,开展了多种工况下隐伏溶洞突水灾变演化过程模拟试验,研究结果表明:隧道施工过程突水灾害是爆破施工扰动与承压含水溶洞渗透破坏双重作用的结果;受爆破开挖扰动影响,隔水岩体内部裂隙发育密集,重点监测区域累计位移高出人工钻凿开挖27%,应力释放率达23.5%,稳定渗透压力仅为初始压力的36.7%,外加水压加载至40 kPa约15 min后最先突水;相同水压加载条件下,溶洞尺寸越大对隔水岩体渗流场、位移场、应力场的影响越大,位移释放率越大、渗透压力整体水平越低,最终在应力和渗流作用下优势导水通道形成并扩展率先发生突水;承压型隐伏溶洞突水灾变演化过程经历了群裂隙的萌生扩展、优势导水通道的形成、隔水岩体破裂失稳3个阶段。试验结果对隧道突水机制的研究和灾害防治具有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 岩溶隧址区, 隔水岩体, 突水灾变演化, 爆破施工扰动, 破裂失稳

Abstract: Pressure-bearing and concealed karst caves intensively develop in karst areas. A three dimensional test system was developed to study the evolution process and mechanism of water inrush disaster. In addition, new similar materials were developed for fluid-solid coupling test, and innovative preparation methods were proposed for pressure-bearing karst caves. Various tests under different scenarios were carried out with different tunnel excavation schemes and different cave sizes based on the background of Qiyueshan tunnel on Lichuan-Wanzhou expressway. Multivariate parameters (such as displacement, stress and water pressure) were monitored to forecast water inrush. Test results show that water inrush disaster easily occurred under adverse impacts (blasting disturbance and pressure-bearing and concealed karst caves). Firstly, fractures developed intensively under blasting excavation, and displacement was 27% higher than the artificial excavation in the key monitoring position. In addition, the rate of stress relieving reached 23.5%, and the seepage pressure was only 36.7% of the initial pressure. The water inrush occurred when the pressure was maintained at 40 kPa for fifteen minutes. In the same hydraulic loading conditions, the greater the karst cave size, the greater the displacement release rate, but the lower the seepage pressure. Finally, a larger karst cave caused water inrush earlier under the action of stress and seepage. The catastrophic process was divided into three stages: group cracks initiation, the formation of preferential transfixion passageway and complete damage of water insulation rock.

Key words: karst tunnel, surrounding rock of water insulation, water-inrush evolution, blasting disturbance, fracture failure

中图分类号: 

  • TU 452

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[3] 吴贤振 ,刘祥鑫 ,梁正召 ,游 勋 ,余 敏 . 不同岩石破裂全过程的声发射序列分形特征试验研究[J]. , 2012, 33(12): 3561-3569.
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