岩土力学 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 363-369.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2017.0996

• 岩土工程研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于定向水力压裂增透的大断面瓦斯 隧道快速揭煤技术

李 栋1, 2,卢义玉1,荣 耀2,周东平3,郭臣业3,张尚斌3,张承客2   

  1. 1. 重庆大学 煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆 400030;2. 江西省交通科学研究院,江西 南昌 330038; 3. 重庆市能源投资集团科技有限责任公司,重庆 400060
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-17 出版日期:2019-01-11 发布日期:2019-01-31
  • 作者简介:李栋,男,1986年生,博士研究生,高级工程师,主要从事隧道与地下工程方面研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(No. 2011ZX05065);江西省交通运输厅科技项目(No. 2017H0019,No. 2018H0042);江西省交通运输厅重点工程科技项目(No. 2015C0067);重庆市杰出青年基金(No. cstc2014jcyjjq90002)

Rapid uncovering seam technologies for large cross-section gas tunnel excavated through coal seams using directional hydraulic fracturing

LI Dong1, 2, LU Yi-yu1, RONG Yao2, ZHOU Dong-ping3, GUO Chen-ye3, ZHANG Shang-bin3, ZHANG Cheng-ke2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; 2. Jiangxi Research Institute of Transportation, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330038, China; 3. Chongqing Energy Investment Group Technology Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400060, China
  • Received:2017-05-17 Online:2019-01-11 Published:2019-01-31
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by Major Project of the National Science and Technology (2011ZX05065), the Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Transportation (2017H0019, 2018H0042), the Science and Technology Key Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Transportation (2015C0067) and the Chongqing Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (cstc2014jcyjjq 90002).

摘要: 分析了瓦斯隧道揭煤特点,提出多孔割缝定向水力压裂增透方法,研发出射流割缝导向系统装置,在此基础上形成大断面瓦斯隧道揭煤综合防突技术体系,并应用于渝贵高铁特大断面瓦斯隧道揭煤工程。结果表明:(1)水力压裂裂缝的起裂受割缝缝槽导向明显,并始终沿定向孔割缝和水力压裂孔裂缝在煤层中共同形成的连贯塑性区持续扩展;(2)压裂后煤层透气性系数提高了35~187倍,平均瓦斯抽采纯量较本隧道邻近煤层普通压裂和邻近隧道同一煤层普通抽采工艺分别提高了4.28倍和12.73倍,揭煤时间比预期缩短了50%;(3)定向水力压裂有效弱化了高压水对围岩的损伤破坏,隧道拱顶沉降和水平收敛较常规压裂分别减少了18.3%和16.4%。

关键词: 大断面, 瓦斯隧道, 揭煤, 定向水力压裂, 水射流割缝, 消突

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the characteristics of uncovering coal seam in gas tunnel, we propose a method of directional hydraulic fracturing by waterjet slotting, and also develop the waterjet slotting guide device. A rapid elimination technology system is formed for the large cross-section gas tunnel excavated through multiple coal seams, which is further applied to a project of Chongqing-Guizhou high-speed railway. The results show that the fracturing of hydraulic cracks is governed by the waterjet slotting obviously, and always expands along the coherent plastic zone formed by the directional hole cutting and hydraulic fracturing cracks in the coal seam. The permeability of coal seam is increased by 35–187 times, and the average gas extraction efficiency is 4.28 times and 12.73 times higher than that of conventional fracturing in adjacent coal seam of the same tunnel and conventional extraction technology in the same coal seam of adjacent tunnel, respectively, and the time of uncovering coal seam is 50% less than the expected. Directional hydraulic fracturing effectively weakens the damage to the surrounding rock by high-pressure water, and the vault settlement and horizontal convergence of tunnel are reduced by 18.3% and 16.4%, respectively.

Key words: large cross-section, gas tunnel, uncovering coal seam, directional hydraulic fracturing, waterjet slotting, outburst elimination

中图分类号: 

  • TU 432
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