爆破开挖诱发的地下交叉洞室微震特性及破裂机制分析

doi:10.16285/j.rsm.2017.2133

›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 2563-2573.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2017.2133

爆破开挖诱发的地下交叉洞室微震特性及破裂机制分析

赵金帅^{1, 2}，冯夏庭^{1, 3}，王鹏飞⁴，江权¹，陈炳瑞¹，周扬一³，裴书锋^{1, 2}

1. 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室，湖北武汉 430071；2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049； 3. 东北大学深部金属矿山安全开采教育部重点实验室，辽宁沈阳 110819；4. 中国长江三峡集团公司，北京 100038

收稿日期:2017-12-01 出版日期:2018-07-10 发布日期:2018-08-05
作者简介:赵金帅，男，1989年生，博士研究生，主要从事深部地下工程围岩稳定性监测、分析及岩土力学方面的研究工作。
基金资助:
中科院前沿科学重点研究项目(No. QYZDJ-SSW-DQC016)；国际深部地质工程研究计划(No. 115242KYSB20160017)。

Analysis of microseismic characteristics and fracture mechanism of underground caverns induced by blasting excavation

ZHAO Jin-shuai^{1, 2}, FENG Xia-ting^{1, 3}, WANG Peng-fei⁴, JIANG Quan¹, CHEN Bing-rui¹, ZHOU Yang-yi³, PEI Shu-feng^{1, 2}

1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110819, China; 4. China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China

Received:2017-12-01 Online:2018-07-10 Published:2018-08-05
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Projects of Chinese Academy of Sciences Frontier Science Research (QYZDJ-SSW-DQC016) and the International Deep Geological Engineering Research Program (115242KYSB20160017).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 白鹤滩水电站右岸地下多洞室间相互施工扰动，使得母线洞等交叉洞室围岩的微震活动规律及破裂机制十分复杂。引进南非IMS微震监测系统，研究高地应力、多面临空卸荷应力环境下交叉洞室围岩的微震特性及破裂孕育机制。根据地下厂房区围岩岩性、错动带及断层分布，选取监测效果较佳的传感器并合理布置；通过定点敲击试验进行波速反演，分析震源定位的精度；以10#母线洞掉块案例为工程背景，分析爆破开挖诱发的交叉洞室岩体破裂微震事件与能量释放时空演化规律，并基于S波和P波的能量比（ES /EP），归纳、总结了掉块发生过程中岩体破裂演化机制：大量张拉事件发生（爆破冲击诱发）→拉剪、压剪事件发生→张拉事件、剪切事件交替发生（集中应力和节理综合影响）→掉块发生（重力和节理综合作用）。研究结果有利于优化白鹤滩水电站右岸地下洞室群交叉部位的开挖方案，同时对类似工程的开挖和支护具有重要借鉴意义。

关键词: 高应力, 地下交叉洞室, 微震监测, 时空演化, 破裂机制

Abstract: Mutual construction of underground caverns on the right bank of Baihetan hydropower station caused complex microstructures and rupture mechanism of surrounding rock of intersecting caverns. In this study, the IMS system was introduced to investigate microseismic characteristics of surrounding rock of caverns and rupture mechanisms under high stress, multi-faceted unloading stress conditions. According to the lithology, fault zone and fault distribution in the underground powerhouse area, the sensors with perfect monitoring effect were chosen and rationally arranged. The accuracy of the source location was analyzed by using the velocity inversion through the fixed point percussion test. Based on the case of failure of the #10 omnibus cave, this study analzsed the spatial-temporal evolution of microseismic events and energy release of the intersected chambers. Meanwhile, according to the energy ratio (ES/EP) criteria, the evolution mechanism of rock mass rupture was discussed, which included a large number of tension events (blasting shock caused), pull-shear and pressure-shear events, tension and shear events alternately (the effect of concentrated stress and joint) and failure (the effect of gravity and joint) in the order of occurrences. This study is helpful to optimise the excavation scheme of the underground section on the right bank of Baihetan hydropower station, and it is of significance for the excavation and support of similar projects.

Key words: high stress, underground intersected chambers, microseismic monitoring, spatial-temporal evolution, rupture mechanism

中图分类号:

U 453.2

赵金帅，冯夏庭，王鹏飞，江权，陈炳瑞，周扬一，裴书锋, . 爆破开挖诱发的地下交叉洞室微震特性及破裂机制分析[J]. , 2018, 39(7): 2563-2573.

ZHAO Jin-shuai, FENG Xia-ting, WANG Peng-fei, JIANG Quan，CHEN Bing-rui, ZHOU Yang-yi, PEI Shu-feng, . Analysis of microseismic characteristics and fracture mechanism of underground caverns induced by blasting excavation[J]. , 2018, 39(7): 2563-2573.

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爆破开挖诱发的地下交叉洞室微震特性及破裂机制分析

Analysis of microseismic characteristics and fracture mechanism of underground caverns induced by blasting excavation

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