岩土力学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (S1): 208-216.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2019.1365

• 岩土工程研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

承压层快速减压与回灌应用于隧道抢险的理论与设计

郑刚1, 2,栗晴瀚2,程雪松1, 2,哈达2,赵悦镔2   

  1. 1. 天津大学 滨海土木工程结构与安全教育部重点实验室,天津 300072;2. 天津大学 建筑工程学院,天津 300072
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-01 修回日期:2019-12-15 出版日期:2020-06-19 发布日期:2020-06-09
  • 通讯作者: 程雪松,男,1985年生,博士,副教授,从事基坑工程及地下工程稳定及安全的研究工作。E-mail: cheng_xuesong@163.com E-mail: zhenggang1967@163.com
  • 作者简介:郑刚,男,1967年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,从事土力学及岩土工程的教学与科研工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(No.2017YFC0805407);天津市自然科学基金(No.18JCQNJC07900);国家自然科学基金(No.41630641)。

Theory and design of fast decompression and recharge of confined layer applied in tunnel emergency rescue

ZHENG Gang1, 2, LI Qing-han2, CHENG Xue-song1, 2, HA Da2, ZHAO Yue-bin2   

  1. 1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Coast Civil Structures and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; 2. School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
  • Received:2019-08-01 Revised:2019-12-15 Online:2020-06-19 Published:2020-06-09
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key R & D Program of China(2017YFC0805407), Tianjin Natural Science Foundation of China (18JCQNJC07900), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41630641).

摘要: 我国软土地区承压层中盾构隧道频发的涌水涌砂事故带来了巨大的经济损失和不良影响,传统的注浆抢险等措施由于承压层水压力较高难以快速生效。根据渗漏灾害发生时的沉降时程曲线提出灾害发展阶段,基于经过现场试验验证的6~8 h快速成井技术,提出在盾构隧道渗漏灾害缓慢发展期对承压层进行快速减压与回灌的抢险方案,利用考虑井内水位的降水计算理论分析该技术应用于隧道抢险的可行性。分析结果表明,承压层快速减压与回灌可在短时间内将渗漏点处水位大幅降低,同时对周边水位进行控制;抢险时间要求越短,所需抽灌水量越大;当抽水井和回灌井距渗漏点距离比值不变时,距离值越小,所需抽灌水量越小;以减压中心为圆心环形布置回灌井可以有效保护周边建构筑物。最后提出承压层减压抢险的设计步骤和布井原则。

关键词: 隧道渗漏, 抢险, 回灌, 快速减压

Abstract: The water and sand gushing accidents occur frequently in shield tunnels located at confined aquifer of soft soil areas in China, resulting in huge economic losses and adverse effects. However, due to the high water pressure in the confined aquifer, it is difficult for the traditional methods(e.g., grouting technique) quickly playing an effective role. According to the settlement-time curve after the seepage disaster, the development process of the disaster is put forward. Based on the rapid construction of wells in 6-8 hours, which is proved in field tests, an emergency plan of rapid decompression and recharge of confined aquifer is suggested during the slow development period of seepage disaster in the shield tunnel. The feasibility of applying this technology in tunnel emergency rescue is analyzed by using the precipitation theory considering the water level in the well. The results show that this technology can reduce the water level at leakage point in a short time and thus can control the surrounding water level at the same time. The shorter time to deal with the tunnel disaster requires, the higher amounts of pumping and recharging water require. When the ratio of distance between pumping well and recharging well to the leakage point is fixed, the smaller the distance value is, the fewer pumping and recharging water amount require. The circumferential buildings can be protected by arranging the recharge wells along the ring using the decompression center as the center of a circle. Finally, the design steps and well layout principles of emergency rescue (i.e., decreasing the pore pressure in the confined aquifers) are put forward.

Key words: tunnel leakage, emergency rescue, recharge, rapid decompression

中图分类号: 

  • U452
[1] 李海明,翟 菁,顾晓明,刘月辉,李 云. 地下咸水储能回灌含水层胶体释放动力学与渗透性变异[J]. , 2010, 31(S2): 170-174.
[2] 金小荣 ,俞建霖 ,祝哨晨 ,龚晓南,. 基坑降水引起周围土体沉降性状分析[J]. , 2005, 26(10): 1575-1581.
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