岩土力学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 3757-3768.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2020.0128

• 岩土工程研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

查干敖包铁锌矿地表塌陷形成机制 与发展机制研究

王飞飞1, 2,任青阳1,邹平2,虎万杰2,马增2,刘正宇2,陈斌1   

  1. 1. 重庆交通大学 土木工程学院,重庆 400074;2. 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 金属矿山安全技术国家重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410012
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-09 修回日期:2020-05-13 出版日期:2020-11-11 发布日期:2020-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 任青阳,男,1975年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事防灾减灾、滑坡演化与控制与岩土本构关系等研究。E-mail: qyren@cqjtu.edu.cn E-mail:wangfeifei@mails.cqjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王飞飞,男,1990年生,博士研究生,主要从事防灾减灾与防护工程研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国际与区域科技创新合作重点研发项目(No. 2018WK2052);国家重点研发计划重点专项课题项目(No. 2016YFC0802206-3);国家自然科学基金项目(No. 41472262);重庆市高校创新研究群体项目(No. CXQT19021);交通运输行业高层次技术人才培养项目(No. 2018-26)。

Study on the formation and development mechanisms of surface subsidence in Chaganaobao iron-zinc mine

WANG Fei-fei1, 2, REN Qing-yang1, ZOU Ping2, HU Wan-jie2, MA Zeng2, LIU Zheng-yu2, CHENG Bin1   

  1. 1. School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Safety Technology of Metal Mines, Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan 410012, China
  • Received:2020-02-09 Revised:2020-05-13 Online:2020-11-11 Published:2020-12-25
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Key Research and Development Projects of International and Regional Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation (2018WK2050), the National Key Research and Development Projects (2016YFC0802206-3), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41472262), Chongqing University Innovation Research Group (CXQT19021) and the High Level Technical Personnel Training Project of Transportation Industry (2018-26).

摘要: 为了研究内蒙古融冠矿业查干敖包铁锌矿地表塌陷形成机制与发展机制,对矿区开展了详细的工程地质调查工作,采用结构面产状dips软件统计分析了矽卡岩和凝灰岩的结构面产状。基于塌陷坑和井下采空区调查的结果,详细分析了地表塌陷形成机制与发展机制。研究结果表明:矿区矽卡岩和凝灰岩的优势结构面产状分别有3组和4组;结构面倾角分别为77°~81°与85°~90°。塌陷坑在东西南三侧形成了陡立的岩体临空面,主要以倾倒形式破坏垮塌。塌陷坑北侧形成了台阶式滑坡,主要以弧形滑坡形式破坏。塌陷坑形成机制主要分为4个阶段:天然稳定阶段、冒落形成阶段、冒落扩展阶段、地表塌陷阶段。塌陷坑东西南三侧发展阶段:卸荷回弹阶段、裂隙面破裂张开阶段、裂隙面贯通垮塌阶段。塌陷坑北侧发展阶段:卸荷回弹阶段、压致拉裂面至下而上拉裂阶段、滑移面贯通滑移阶段。在矿体下盘形成了陡崖式的边坡,沿着矿体走向(NE30°)的地表形成大量的大小宽度不一的裂缝,有部分错台裂缝。地表塌陷的形成是由多种因素决定的,其中独特的地质条件是内因,地下采矿活动则是诱因,内、外因共同作用导致了这种塌陷坑形成机制和发展机制。在塌陷坑东北侧的岩土体受到了主动倾倒式破坏和北侧地表土圆弧形滑坡的牵引被动作用,形成了特殊形式的倾倒式破坏。研究成果为矿山安全生产与塌陷坑治理提供参考。

关键词: 采矿工程, 地质灾害, 地表塌陷, 塌陷机制, 现场调查

Abstract: In order to study the formation and development mechanism of surface subsidence in Chaganaobao iron-zinc mine, Rongguan mining industry, Inner Mongolia, a detailed engineering geological survey was carried out in the mining area. The occurrence of structural planes of skarn and tuff were statistically analyzed by using software Dips. Based on the investigation results of subsidence pit and underground goaf, the formation and development mechanism of surface subsidence were analyzed in detail. The results show that: (1) there are three and four groups of dominant structural planes of skarn and tuff in the mining area, and the dip angles of structural planes vary from 77°to 81° and from 85°to 90° respectively. (2) The collapse pit forms a steep free face of rock mass on the three sides of the east-west and the south, which is mainly destroyed and collapsed in the form of dumping. Step type landslide is formed in the north side of the collapse pit, which is mainly destroyed in the form of arc-shaped landslide. (3) The formation mechanism of subsidence pit is mainly divided into four stages: natural stability stage - caving formation stage - caving extension stage - surface subsidence stage. The west, south and east sides of the collapse pit consist of three development stages: unloading rebound stage, fracture opening stage and fracture surface collapse stage. The development stages of the north side of the collapse pit include unloading rebound stage, compressive tensile crack bottom-up cracking stage and slip surface through slip stage. (4) A steep slope is formed at the footwall of the ore body, and a large number of fractures with different sizes and widths are generated along the strike of the ore body (NE30°), including some staggered fractures. The formation of surface subsidence is determined by multiple factors, among which the unique geological condition is the internal cause, whereas the underground mining activity acts as the inducement. The internal and external factors together account for the formation and development mechanism of the subsidence pit. (5) Subjected to the active toppling failure and passive traction of the surface soil arc landslide in the north side, the rock and soil masses in the northeast side of the collapse pit have experienced a special form of toppling failure. The findings of this paper provide references for mine safety production and collapse pit treatment.

Key words: mining engineering, geological disaster, surface collapse, collapse mechanism, field investigation

中图分类号: 

  • TD 73
[1] 杨括宇, 陈从新, 夏开宗, 宋许根, 张伟, 张褚强, 王田龙. 崩落法开采金属矿巷道围岩破坏机制的断层效应[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(S1): 279-289.
[2] 宋文成, 梁正召, . 承压水上开采倾斜底板破坏特征 与突水危险性分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(2): 624-634.
[3] 邓洋洋, 陈从新, 夏开宗, 郑先伟, . 程潮铁矿西区地表塌陷成因分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2019, 40(2): 743-758.
[4] 朱斯陶, 姜福兴, 朱海洲, 张俊杰, 连鸿全, 韩国庆, . 高应力区掘进工作面冲击地压事故发生机制研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2018, 39(S2): 337-343.
[5] 陈龙龙,陈从新,夏柏如,夏开宗,付 华,邓洋洋,宋许根,孙朝燚,. 程潮铁矿东区地面塌陷机制及扩展机制初探[J]. , 2017, 38(8): 2322-2334.
[6] 张东明,郑彬彬,张先萌,齐消寒,白 鑫, . 含瓦斯砂岩卸围压变形特征与渗透规律试验研究[J]. , 2017, 38(12): 3475-3483.
[7] 孙 伟,吴爱祥,侯克鹏,杨 溢,刘 磊,. 基于X-Ray CT试验的塌陷区回填体孔隙结构研究[J]. , 2017, 38(12): 3635-3642.
[8] 夏开宗,陈从新,刘秀敏,宋许根,蒋玄苇,周意超, . 石膏矿矿柱-护顶层支撑体系的流变力学模型分析[J]. , 2017, 38(10): 2923-2930.
[9] 李文鑫,王 刚, 杜文州,王鹏飞,陈金华,孙文斌,. 真三轴气固耦合煤体渗流试验系统的研制及应用[J]. , 2016, 37(7): 2109-2118.
[10] 夏开宗,陈从新,付 华,郑 允,邓洋洋. 金属矿山崩落采矿法引起的岩层移动规律分析[J]. , 2016, 37(5): 1434-1440.
[11] 潘俊锋,秦子晗,冯美华,刘少虹. 岩浆岩床下伏短壁综放面集中静载荷型冲击启动原理[J]. , 2015, 36(9): 2631-2638.
[12] 夏开宗,陈从新,夏天游,董元滨,付 华,邓洋洋. 结构面对程潮铁矿西区地表变形的影响分析[J]. , 2015, 36(5): 1389-1396.
[13] 程关文 ,陈从新 ,沈 强 ,付 华 ,夏开宗,. 程潮铁矿地下开采引起岩层移动机制初探[J]. , 2014, 35(5): 1421-1429.
[14] 邱海军 ,崔 鹏 ,曹明明 ,刘 闻 ,高 宇 ,王彦民,. 基于最大熵原理的黄土丘陵区地质灾害规模频率分布研究[J]. , 2014, 35(12): 3541-3549.
[15] 黄刚海. 基于数值模拟监测值突变特征确定工程参数[J]. , 2013, 34(S2): 439-442.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 张力霆,齐清兰,魏静,霍倩,周国斌. 淤填黏土固结过程中孔隙比的变化规律[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2935 -2939 .
[2] 张其一. 复合加载模式下地基失效机制研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2940 -2944 .
[3] 张明义,刘俊伟,于秀霞. 饱和软黏土地基静压管桩承载力时间效应试验研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 3005 -3008 .
[4] 刘振平,贺怀建,李 强,朱发华. 基于Python的三维建模可视化系统的研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 3037 -3042 .
[5] 吴 亮,钟冬望,卢文波. 空气间隔装药爆炸冲击荷载作用下混凝土损伤分析[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 3109 -3114 .
[6] 周晓杰,介玉新,李广信1. 基于渗流和管流耦合的管涌数值模拟[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 3154 -3158 .
[7] 吴昌瑜,张 伟,李思慎,朱国胜. 减压井机械淤堵机制与防治方法试验研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 3181 -3187 .
[8] 崔皓东,朱岳明. 二滩高拱坝坝基渗流场的反演分析[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 3194 -3199 .
[9] 杨有莲,朱俊高,余 挺,吴晓铭. 土与结构接触面力学特性环剪试验研究[J]. , 2009, 30(11): 3256 -3260 .
[10] 贾宇峰,迟世春,林 皋. 考虑颗粒破碎影响的粗粒土本构模型[J]. , 2009, 30(11): 3261 -3266 .