岩土力学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 2504-2514.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2022.0011

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

微生物胶结砂岩型铀矿砂的抗渗性能试验研究

贺桂成,谢元辉,李咏梅,李春光,唐孟媛,张志军,伍玲玲   

  1. 南华大学 资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南 衡阳 421001
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-03 修回日期:2022-07-04 出版日期:2022-09-12 发布日期:2022-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 李咏梅,女,1990年生,博士,讲师,主要从事溶浸采矿方面的教学和科研工作。E-mail: lymusa8866@usc.edu.cn E-mail:hegc9210@163.com
  • 作者简介:贺桂成,男,1977年生,博士,教授,硕士生导师,主要从事铀矿开采方面的教学与科研工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(No.51974163);国家重点研发计划资助项目(No.2021YFC2902104);湖南省自然科学基金(No.2019JJ50496);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(No.20B494);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(No.18C0460)。

Experimental study of impermeability of sandstone uranium ore by microbial cementation

HE Gui-cheng, XIE Yuan-hui, LI Yong-mei, LI Chun-guang, TANG Meng-yuan, ZHANG Zhi-jun, WU Ling-ling   

  1. School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
  • Received:2022-01-03 Revised:2022-07-04 Online:2022-09-12 Published:2022-09-12
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51974163), the National Key Research and Development Program (2021YFC2902104), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2019JJ50496), the Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province (20B494) and the Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province (18C0460).

摘要: 地浸采铀产生的污染物通过渗透迁移作用威胁地下水资源,已成为制约地浸采铀技术发展的瓶颈,而微生物胶结技术能有效地降低砂岩铀矿的渗透性,是目前抑制污染物向采区周围地下水迁移的有效方法。因此,选用巴氏芽孢杆菌,分析其耐酸性;利用自行研制的砂岩型铀矿砂渗透系数试验装置,测得不同胶结液浓度、不同菌液与胶结液体积比以及不同注浆轮次条件下砂岩型铀矿砂的渗透系数,确定其最优的参数配比;采用扫描电镜(scanning election microscopy,简称 SEM)和X射线衍射光谱(X-ray diffraction,简称 XRD)等设备,表征微生物胶结前后铀矿砂的矿物成分及其微观结构,研究其微生物胶结抗渗机制。研究结果表明:巴氏芽孢杆菌在 pH = 4 时仍具有较好的繁殖能力和脲酶活性,能适应铀矿砂的酸性环境;在一定范围内增大胶结液浓度、菌液与胶结液的体积比可以促进碳酸钙的生成,最佳的胶结液浓度为 1 mol/L、菌液与胶结液体积比为1:3、注浆轮次为7时,注浆后铀矿砂的减渗率达到 95.33%;胶结后铀矿砂的渗透系数随注浆轮次的增加而降低,经过11轮注浆后铀矿砂的减渗率高达99.75%,渗透系数下降到 2.8×10−5 cm/s;沉积的碳酸钙晶型主要为方解石,方解石堵塞铀矿砂粒间孔隙,并将矿砂颗粒胶结成整体,是铀矿砂渗透系数降低的主要原因。微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀胶结铀矿砂的抗渗机制为控制和减少地下水污染提供重要的理论指导。

关键词: 砂岩铀矿, 地浸采铀, 微生物胶结, 渗透系数, 抗渗性能

Abstract: The pollutants produced by in-situ leaching of uranium ore pose a hazard to groundwater resources through osmotic migration, which has significantly restricted the development of this leaching method. Microbial cementation can effectively reduce the permeability of sandstone uranium ore and prevent the pollutants migrating into the groundwater in the vicinity of the mining area. Therefore, in this study, sporosarcina pasteurii was chosen and tested for acid resistance. The permeability coefficients of the uranium ore sand cemented in condition of different concentrations of cementing solution, volume ratio of bacterial solution and cementing solution as well as grouting rounds were measured using a self-made experimental setup, then, the best value of these parameters was determined. In addition, the microstructure and mineral composition of uranium ore sand before and after bio-cementation were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) in order to explore the mechanism of the impermeability by bio-cementation. The results show that sporosarcina pasteurii still grows and reproduces well with high urease activity at pH value of 4, indicating that it can adapt to the acidic uranium ore sand. The formation of calcium carbonate can be promoted by increasing the concentration of cementing solution and the volume ratio of bacterial solution and cementing solution within a certain range, and the best cementing solution concentration and volume ratio are 1 mol/L and 1:3, respectively. The permeability reduction ratio of uranium ore sand reaches 95.33% after 7 rounds of bio-grouting. The permeability coefficient of uranium ore sand decreases with increasing the grouting round. The permeability coefficient of uranium ore sand is reduced by up to 99.75% after 11 rounds of bio-grouting, with a value of 2.8×10−5 cm/s. Calcite is the main crystal form of deposited calcium carbonate. It blocks the intergranular pore and cements the sand particles together, which is the main reason for the reduced permeability coefficient of uranium ore sand. The impermeability mechanism of uranium ore sand cemented by microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation provides important theoretical guidance for the control and reduction of groundwater pollution.

Key words: sandstone uranium ore, in-situ leaching of uranium ore, microbial mineralization, permeability coefficient, impermeability

中图分类号: 

  • O 319.56
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