岩土力学 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 1481-1494.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2023.0928

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于尺寸效应的夯土水盐运移分布特征研究

朱晶1, 2, 3,裴强强1, 2, 3,郭青林1, 2, 3,张博1, 2, 3   

  1. 1. 敦煌研究院,甘肃 敦煌 736200;2. 国家古代壁画与土遗址保护工程技术研究中心,甘肃 敦煌 736200; 3. 甘肃敦煌文物保护技术研究中心,甘肃 敦煌 736200
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-27 接受日期:2023-08-28 出版日期:2024-05-11 发布日期:2024-05-07
  • 作者简介:朱晶,男,1982年生,本科,馆员,主要从事土遗址保护勘察设计及研究工作。E-mail:184030632@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省文物保护科学和技术研究课题(No. GSWW202226);敦煌研究院院级课题(No. 2020-KJ-YB-10);酒泉市科技计划项目(No. 2023CA1009)。

Distribution characteristics of water and salt transport in rammed earth sites based on size effect

ZHU Jing1, 2, 3, PEI Qiang-qiang1, 2, 3, GUO Qing-lin1, 2, 3, ZHANG Bo1, 2, 3   

  1. 1. Dunhuang Academy, Dunhuang, Gansu 736200, China; 2. National Technological Research Center for Conservation of Ancient Wall Paintings and Earthen Heritage Sites, Dunhuang, Gansu 736200, China; 3. Gansu Dunhuang Cultural Relics Protection Technology Research Center, Dunhuang, Gansu 736200, China
  • Received:2023-06-27 Accepted:2023-08-28 Online:2024-05-11 Published:2024-05-07
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Gansu Province Cultural Relics Protection Science and Technology Research Project (GSWW202226), the Dunhuang Academy Institute-level Project (2020-KJ-YB-10) and the Jiuquan City Science and Technology Plan Project (2023CA1009).

摘要: 水盐循环作用是夯土遗址渐进式破坏的主要影响因素之一。为了研究尺寸对夯土水盐运移分布特征的影响规律,制备5组含盐量为0.3%、边长为50、100、200、500、900 mm立方体夯土试样,并将其置于温度为10~27 ℃、相对湿度为20%~50%的室内环境进行自然失水试验。在失水周期内,通过钻孔取样,检测夯土试样表层至内部土体的含水率及含盐量,并分析不同尺寸夯土试样水盐运移特征及尺寸效应。试验结果表明:夯土试样的失水周期及表层土体盐分富集量随尺寸的增大而增大,失水速率随尺寸的增大而减小。不同尺寸夯土试样的失水周期分为快速失水、缓慢失水、稳定失水3个阶段,水盐运移活动主要发生在快速失水阶段。失水过程中,盐分随水分向试样表层运移,表层土体盐分含量增加,内部土体盐分含量降低,盐分集中富集在表层土体上。该研究可以为土遗址室内小块体试验、模拟足尺试验和野外观测试验研究提供理论支撑。

关键词: 夯土, 水盐运移, 失水, 含盐量, 含水率, 周期, 尺寸效应

Abstract: Water and salt cycling is a significant factor contributing to the gradual deterioration of rammed earth sites. To investigate the impact of size on the distribution characteristics of water and salt transport in rammed earth, five groups of cubic rammed earth samples with 0.3% salt content and varying side lengths (50, 100, 200, 500 mm, and 900 mm) were prepared. These samples were subjected to a natural water loss test in an indoor environment with a temperature ranging from 10–27 ℃ and a relative humidity of 20%−50%. Throughout the water loss period, borehole sampling was conducted to measure the moisture content and salt distribution from the surface to the internal soil of the rammed earth samples. The analysis focused on the water and salt transport characteristics and the size effects of rammed earth of different sizes. The test results revealed that the water loss period and the salt enrichment of the surface soil increased with the size of the samples, while the water loss rate decreased with the sample size. The water loss period of rammed earth samples of different sizes was categorized into three stages: rapid water loss, slow water loss, and stable water loss, with water and salt transport predominantly occurring during the rapid water loss stage. Throughout the water loss process, salt was transported to the sample’s surface layer along with the water, resulting in an increase in the salt content of the surface soil and a decrease in the internal soil’s salt content. This led to the gradual concentration and enrichment of salt in the surface soil. This study provides valuable theoretical support for indoor small block experiments, full-size simulating experiments, and field observation experiments in rammed earth sites.

Key words: rammed earth site, water and salt transport, water loss, salt content, moisture content, period, size effect

中图分类号: 

  • TU 470
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