深埋隧道地质构造发育段围岩压力的特点

›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 1101-1109.

深埋隧道地质构造发育段围岩压力的特点

刘成禹¹，何满潮²

1. 福州大学环境与资源学院，福州 350108；2. 中国矿业大学(北京) 力学与建筑工程学院，北京 100083

收稿日期:2013-07-01 出版日期:2014-04-10 发布日期:2014-04-18
作者简介:刘成禹，男，1970年生，博士，副教授，主要从事工程地质、隧道与地下工程方面的研究工作
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No. 41272300)；中铁隧道集团有限公司科技创新计划项目(No. 2007-19)

Characteristics of surrounding rock pressure of deep tunnel in segment of geological structure development

LIU Cheng-yu¹，HE Man-chao²

1. College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; 2. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2013-07-01 Online:2014-04-10 Published:2014-04-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以龙厦铁路象山特长隧道地质构造发育、埋深大于500 m段围岩压力及围岩变形的现场测试资料为依据，对大埋深隧道地质构造发育段围岩压力的特点、变形压力的形成机制等进行了研究。研究表明：大埋深隧道，结构面或褶曲、逆断层发育，但地下水不发育的地段，即使围岩强度较高，隧道开挖后仍可能出现较大的变形；围岩较大变形主要是由于在自重应力和残余构造应力作用下被挤密的结构面在隧道开挖后因侧向限制消除而张开、扩容引起的，受其影响，初期支护将受到较大的围岩变形压力。上述地段围岩压力具有下列特点：（1）地下水不发育区段的围岩压力比地下水发育区段的大；（2）隧道纵向发育向斜的区段，拱顶至拱腰段围岩压力最大，越趋向于向斜核部，拱顶围岩压力越大；（3）发育褶曲的断面，与褶曲轴线垂直方向的围岩压力较大；（4）发育逆断层的断面，与断层倾向相反侧的围岩压力较大，该侧断层面附近的围岩压力最大，对侧断层面附近的围岩压力最小；（5）下台阶的围岩压力比上台阶的小，两者的相对差随上、下台阶施工间隔时间的延长而增大。

关键词: 深埋隧道, 地质构造, 围岩压力, 围岩变形

Abstract: Based on the measured data of surrounding rock pressure and deformation in the segment of Longxia Railway at Xiangshan extra-long tunnel that is buried deeper than 500 m with high development of geological structure, studied the characteristics of surrounding rock pressure, formation mechanism of the deformation pressure, etc., in the segment of the deep tunnel with high development of geological structure are studied. The research shows that: in the deep segment of tunnel, large deformations happen in the sections with lots of structure planes, folds, reversed faults and little ground water, after the excavation, even though the surrounding rock strength is higher. The larger surrounding rock deformation is contributed by the opening and volumetric dilatancy of the structural planes, which are compacted by the self-weight stress and residual tectonic stress, as the lateral confinement is eliminated after the excavation. For that, great deformational pressure from the surrounding rock may be exerted to the primary support. The surrounding rock pressure in the above segment has the following characteristics: (1) The surrounding rock pressure is greater in the sections with little ground water than the sections with a lot. (2) The surrounding rock pressure largest on the arch crown to the hance in the sections with syncline that developed in the tunnel longitudinal, the nearer to the core of the syncline, the greater the pressure. (3) In the sections developed with folds, the surrounding rock pressure is larger in the direction perpendicular to the fold axis. (4) In the sections developed with reversed fault, the surrounding rock pressure is larger in the side that opposite the fault dip; and the surrounding rock pressure in the position of fault surface is largest in this side, smallest in the other side. (5) The surrounding rock pressure on the lower bench is smaller than that on the upper bench, the longer the time between the excavations, the greater the difference between the pressure.

Key words: deep tunnel, geological structure, surrounding rock pressure, surrounding rock deformation

中图分类号:

U 45

刘成禹，何满潮,. 深埋隧道地质构造发育段围岩压力的特点[J]. , 2014, 35(4): 1101-1109.

LIU Cheng-yu，HE Man-chao,. Characteristics of surrounding rock pressure of deep tunnel in segment of geological structure development[J]. , 2014, 35(4): 1101-1109.

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