关键词: 分形理论, 分形维数, 级配缩尺方法, 粗粒料, 最大干密度

Abstract: Four grade-scaling methods including scalping method, equivalent substitution method, similar grading method and hybrid method are adopted to model the site gradation of soil materials according to the code. 15 test gradations of coarse-grained materials from an engineering site have been simulated by using these grading scale methods, and the corresponding maximum particle diameters are 60 mm, 40 mm, 20 mm. The maximum dry density tests have also been conducted on the samples with test gradations and prototype gradation. The relationships among fractal dimension, grading scale methods and maximum dry density have been discussed by introducing the fractal dimension of particle diameters. It is found that the fractal dimension is a comprehensive evaluation index which can accurately reflects the test gradations by different grading scale methods. In addition, the grading scale methods significantly influence the maximum dry density, and the maximum dry density value of samples by the similar gradation methods is closest to that of prototype gradation, and the biggest disparity exists between equivalent substitution gradation method and prototype gradation. There exists a better linear normalization relationship between the fractal dimensions and the maximum dry density. Based on the normalization law, the maximum dry density of sample with prototype gradation could be calculated accurately.

Key words: fractal theory, fractal dimension, grading scale method, coarse-grained soil, maximum dry density