›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 765-774.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2017.1735

• 测试技术 • 上一篇    

基于EMS微震参数的岩爆预警方法及探讨

马春驰1, 2,李天斌1, 2,张 航1, 2,王剑锋1, 2   

  1. 1. 成都理工大学 环境与土木工程学院,四川 成都 610059; 2. 成都理工大学 地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川 成都 610059
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-21 出版日期:2018-02-10 发布日期:2018-06-06
  • 通讯作者: 李天斌,男,1964年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事地下工程和斜坡地质灾害领域的研究工作。E-mail:ltb@cdut.edu.cn E-mail:machunchi17@cdut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:马春驰,男,1987年生,博士,讲师,主要从事地质工程及岩土体稳定性的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(No. 41230635,No. 41172279)。

An evaluation and early warning method for rockburst based on EMS microseismic source parameters

MA Chun-chi1, 2, LI Tian-bin1, 2, ZHANG Hang1, 2, WANG Jian-feng1, 2   

  1. 1. College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
  • Received:2017-08-21 Online:2018-02-10 Published:2018-06-06
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41230635, 41172279).

摘要: 一系列深埋长大隧道工程在我国西部涌现,深埋隧道围岩的岩爆成因机制及监测预警成为亟待解决的课题。微震监测作为岩体微破裂空间监测技术在隧道工程岩爆预警上发挥了重要作用。由于微震数据存在的波动性(时间序列)、离散性(空间分布)和误差,利用震源参数随施工循环的演化特征评估岩爆发育过程并非足够稳定、有效。基于3种微震监测易于获取且紧密联系的震源参数(地震能量、地震矩和视应力),扩展建立了用于岩爆评估与预警的EMS方法。该方法定义了地震能量、地震矩、视应力3种评价指标,并获得了3种评价指标间的关系;将3种评价指标用于岩爆预测,并进行了岩爆等级评估;同时还给出了微震路径与震源参数空间的概念。最后,将EMS方法应用于巴陕高速米仓山隧道的岩爆灾害实例,对岩爆里程段微震事件簇(微震事件聚集区域)内岩体累进破裂和岩爆发育过程进行了评估,实现了简易有效的微震数据日常处理与岩爆灾害评估预警。

关键词: 岩石力学, 微震监测, 震源参数, 岩爆评估, 岩爆预警

Abstract: There are a large number of long deep-buried tunnels either being designed and under construction in Western China. The mechanisms of rockburst hazards and their monitoring and early warning in those deep-buried tunnels are particularly important. Microseismic (MS) monitoring, as a spatial monitoring technology for microcrack initiation and propagation, plays a vital role in predicting and warning rockburst in underground caverns. However, the application of evolution of MS source parameters to assess rockburst hazards has not been efficiently applied in practical projects due to the problems of discreteness (spatial), fluctuation (temporal) and deviation of measured MS data. To improve and solve these problems properly, this paper establishes an EMS method to evaluate and predict rockburst hazards, based on three commonly used source parameters (i.e., seismic energy, the seismic moment and apparent stress) which can be easily obtained and closely interrelated. This method fully defines the concepts of evaluation parameters, such as seismic energy, seismic moment and apparent stress, and thus the relationship among these three parameters can be obtained. Then, these three parameters are applied to predict rockburst and to evaluate the grade of potential rockburst. Meanwhile, the method defines concepts of MS path and the space of MS source parameters. Finally, the EMS method is adopted to analyse a rockburst case in the Micangshan tunnel of Bazhong-Shaanxi highway, Southwestern China. The progressive fractures and rockburst accompanied by MS events are detected and analysed, which achieves an efficient way for daily analyses of MS data and rockburst prediction.

Key words: rock mechanics, microseismic monitoring, microseismic source parameters, rockburst evaluation, rockburst warning

中图分类号: 

  • TU 452

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