岩土力学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 15-27.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2021.1101

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

真三轴单面临空下煤岩组合体冲击 破坏特征试验研究

杨 科1, 2, 3, 4,刘文杰1, 3, 4,马衍坤1, 3, 4,许日杰1, 3, 4,池小楼1, 3, 4   

  1. 1. 安徽理工大学 深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室,安徽 淮南 232001;2. 合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院,安徽 合肥 230031;3. 安徽理工大学 煤炭安全精准开采国家地方联合工程研究中心,安徽 淮南 232001; 4. 安徽理工大学 煤矿安全高效开采省部共建教育部重点实验室,安徽 淮南 232001
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-19 修回日期:2021-09-08 出版日期:2022-01-10 发布日期:2022-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 刘文杰,男,1995年生,博士研究生,主要从事煤矿典型动力灾害监测预警与防控技术的研究。E-mail:wenjie_liu_auster@163.com E-mail:yksp2003@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨科,男,1979年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事多场演化与灾害防控、煤炭安全智能精准开采、煤基固废与绿色充填开采、关闭/废弃矿井资源开发利用方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(No. U21A20110);安徽省“115”产业创新团队资助项目。

Experimental study of impact failure characteristics of coal-rock combination bodies under true triaxial loading and single face unloading

YANG Ke1, 2, 3, 4, LIU Wen-jie1, 3, 4, MA Yan-kun1, 3, 4, XU Ri-jie1, 3, 4, CHI Xiao-lou1, 3, 4   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, China; 2. Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China; 3. National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precision Coal Mining, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, China; 4. Key Laboratory of Mining Coal Safety and Efficiently Constructed by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232001, China
  • Received:2021-07-19 Revised:2021-09-08 Online:2022-01-10 Published:2022-01-06
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A20110) and "115" Industrial Innovation Team of Anhui Province.

摘要: 煤岩复合承载结构所处的应力边界条件不同,冲击地压在巷道中的显现特征和前兆规律亦不相同。采用高频振动采集及孔内成像三轴动静载试验系统,开展了高静载和动静载耦合作用下煤岩组合体真三轴单面临空试验,分析了煤岩组合体界面处力学特征和强度条件,探究了不同应力边界下煤岩组合体的破坏形态、动力显现特征和声发射信号的演变规律。研究结果表明:(1)受煤岩变形相互制约的影响,交界面处砂岩强度被“弱化”。当界面处煤体裂隙尖端的应力大于“弱化”后砂岩强度时,裂隙将穿过煤岩界面发育至砂岩中,砂岩呈现出屈曲层裂、劈裂成板的破坏形态。(2)高静载作用下,煤岩组合体变形破坏特征和声发射信号具有明显的前兆规律,组合体发生承载失效前煤体局部颗粒弹射动能增大、弹射颗粒块度降低,声发射信号由“高频低能”向“高频高能”转变,组合体的破坏形态以剪切?张拉复合破坏为主。(3)受冲击动载影响,顶底板砂岩夹持作用减弱,煤体裂纹尖端应力得不到有效积聚,裂纹扩展到煤岩交界面时被阻隔,组合体以煤样的张拉破坏为主,声发射信号呈现出“高频高能”的特点,但大多集中在冲击破坏之后,导致组合体动力破坏难以预测。(4)与纯静载作用相比,虽然动静载耦合作用下静载水平较低,但煤岩组合体的抛射质量和抛射碎块的分形维数较大、平均破碎块度较小,说明动载对煤岩组合体的破坏起到了正向激励的作用,静载为煤岩体动力破坏提供了应力和能量条件。

关键词: 采矿工程, 冲击地压, 动静耦合加载, 煤岩组合体, 动力显现特征, 前兆信息规律

Abstract: The characteristics and precursory law of rock burst in roadway are different when the coal-rock composite bearing structure is under different stress boundary conditions. The true triaxial loading and single face unloading test is performed on coal-rock combination bodies under high static and dynamic load, using high frequency vibration acquisition and borehole imaging triaxial static and dynamic load experimental system. The mechanical characteristics and strength conditions at the interface of coal and rock mass are analyzed. Failure modes, dynamic characteristics and evolution of acoustic emission signals of coal-rock combination bodies under different stress boundaries are investigated. The results show that: 1)the strength of sandstone at the interface is "weakened" due to the mutual restriction of coal and rock deformation. When the stress at the crack tip of the coal body at the interface is greater than the strength of the "weakened" sandstone, the crack will develop into the sandstone through the coal rock interface, and the sandstone presents the failure form of buckling spalling and splitting into plates. 2) Under high static loading, the deformation and failure characteristics of coal-rock combination bodies and the acoustic emission signal have obvious precursory law. Before the bearing failure of coal-rock combination bodies, the local particle ejection kinetic energy of coal body increases, the particle lumpiness decreases, and the acoustic emission signal changes from "high frequency and low energy" to "high frequency and high energy". The failure mode of coal-rock mass is mainly shear-tension composite failure. 3) Under the impact dynamic loading, the loading effect of sandstone on the top and bottom plates is weakened, the stress at the crack tip of the coal body can not be effectively accumulated, and the crack is blocked when it extends to the coal rock interface. The combination is dominated by the tensile failure of coal samples, and the acoustic emission signal shows the characteristics of "high frequency and high energy", but it is mostly concentrated after the impact failure, resulting in the dynamic failure of the combination, which is difficult to predict. 4) Compared with static loading alone, although the static load level is low under the superposition of dynamic and static loading test, the ejection quality and fractal dimension of ejection fragments of coal rock assemblage are large, and the average particle size of broken fragments is small. Dynamic load plays a positive role in the failure of coal-rock combination mass while static load provides stress and energy conditions for the dynamic failure of coal-rock combination mass.

Key words: mining engineering, rock burst, dynamic and static coupled loading, coal-rock combined samples, dynamic characteristics, premonitory information law

中图分类号: 

  • TD 324
[1] 刘轩廷, 陈从新, 刘秀敏, 夏开宗, 张褚强, 王田龙, 王月, . 充填开采下顶板−间柱支撑体系的突变失稳分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2021, 42(9): 2461-2471.
[2] 吴振华, 潘鹏志, 潘俊锋, 王兆丰, 高家明. 地堑构造区冲击地压发生机制及矿震活动规律[J]. 岩土力学, 2021, 42(8): 2225-2238.
[3] 张褚强, 沈强, 陈从新, 夏开宗, 王田龙, 刘轩廷, . 程潮铁矿西区分段崩落法开采影响范围和 极限角研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2021, 42(6): 1713-1723.
[4] 王爱文, 高乾书, 潘一山, . 煤层钻孔降倾-控变-耗能防冲机制试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2021, 42(5): 1230-1244.
[5] 姚精明, 许自文, 王建, 王路. 锚杆−泡沫铝联合支护防治冲击地压试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2021, 42(3): 620-626.
[6] 杨括宇, 陈从新, 夏开宗, 宋许根, 张伟, 张褚强, 王田龙. 崩落法开采金属矿巷道围岩破坏机制的断层效应[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(S1): 279-289.
[7] 陈光波, 秦忠诚, 张国华, 李谭, 李敬凯, . 受载煤岩组合体破坏前能量分布规律[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(6): 2021-2033.
[8] 王凯兴, 窦林名, 潘一山, OPARIN V N . 块系岩体非协调动力响应特征试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(4): 1227-1234.
[9] 宋文成, 梁正召, . 承压水上开采倾斜底板破坏特征 与突水危险性分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(2): 624-634.
[10] 王飞飞, 任青阳, 邹平, 虎万杰, 马增, 刘正宇, 陈斌, . 查干敖包铁锌矿地表塌陷形成机制 与发展机制研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(11): 3757-3768.
[11] 王 岗, 潘一山, 肖晓春, . 单轴加载煤体破坏特征与电荷规律研究及应用[J]. 岩土力学, 2019, 40(5): 1823-1831.
[12] 朱斯陶, 姜福兴, 朱海洲, 张俊杰, 连鸿全, 韩国庆, . 高应力区掘进工作面冲击地压事故发生机制研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2018, 39(S2): 337-343.
[13] 潘俊锋,夏永学,冯美华,秦子晗. 影响冲击地压危险性评价结果的II类开采技术因素研究[J]. , 2017, 38(S1): 367-373.
[14] 肖晓春,丁 鑫,赵 鑫,潘一山,王爱文,王 磊,. 加载速率影响的煤体破裂过程声-电荷试验研究[J]. , 2017, 38(12): 3419-3426.
[15] 张东明,郑彬彬,张先萌,齐消寒,白 鑫, . 含瓦斯砂岩卸围压变形特征与渗透规律试验研究[J]. , 2017, 38(12): 3475-3483.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 姚仰平,侯 伟. 土的基本力学特性及其弹塑性描述[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2881 -2902 .
[2] 徐金明,羌培,张鹏飞. 粉质黏土图像的纹理特征分析[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2903 -2907 .
[3] 向天兵,冯夏庭,陈炳瑞,江 权,张传庆. 三向应力状态下单结构面岩石试样破坏机制与真三轴试验研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2908 -2916 .
[4] 石玉玲,门玉明,彭建兵,黄强兵,刘洪佳. 地裂缝对不同结构形式桥梁桥面的破坏试验研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2917 -2922 .
[5] 夏栋舟,何益斌,刘建华. 土-结构动力相互作用体系阻尼及地震反应分析[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2923 -2928 .
[6] 徐速超,冯夏庭,陈炳瑞. 矽卡岩单轴循环加卸载试验及声发射特性研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2929 -2934 .
[7] 张力霆,齐清兰,魏静,霍倩,周国斌. 淤填黏土固结过程中孔隙比的变化规律[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2935 -2939 .
[8] 张其一. 复合加载模式下地基失效机制研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2940 -2944 .
[9] 易 俊,姜永东,鲜学福,罗 云,张 瑜. 声场促进煤层气渗流的应力-温度-渗流压力场的流固动态耦合模型[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2945 -2949 .
[10] 陶干强,杨仕教,任凤玉. 崩落矿岩散粒体流动性能试验研究[J]. , 2009, 30(10): 2950 -2954 .