降雨条件下土坡变形机制的离心模型试验研究

›› 2011, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 398-402.

降雨条件下土坡变形机制的离心模型试验研究

钱纪芸，张嘎，张建民

清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室、北京、100084

收稿日期:2010-08-09 出版日期:2011-02-10 发布日期:2011-02-16
作者简介:钱纪芸，女，1985年生，硕士研究生，主要从事岩土工程研究。
基金资助:
中国水利水电科学研究院开放研究基金973课题（No. 2007CB714108）。

Centrifuge model tests for deformation mechanism of soil slope during rainfall

QIAN Ji-yun, ZHANG Ga, ZHANG Jian-min

State Key Laboratory of Hydrosciences and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2010-08-09 Online:2011-02-10 Published:2011-02-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自行研制了离心场降雨模拟设备，进行了降雨条件下边坡的离心模型试验。试验模型在离心机中加载到50g，然后开始降雨。采用非接触位移测量系统测量了试验过程中边坡的位移场变化，通过T5张力计测量边坡中典型点的吸力变化。试验结果表明，边坡的位移随降雨量的增大逐渐发展，发生明显变形的区域也逐渐变大，主要集中在边坡表面。边坡某处应变迅速变化的时刻与土体含水率迅速增大的时刻相一致。边坡某点的应变随降雨量的增加不断增大，并存在2个拐点，形成湿润锋和稳定锋2个锋面，并把边坡分成3个区域，通过锋面的变化反映降雨条件下边坡的变形过程。

关键词: 降雨, 边坡, 离心模型, 变形

Abstract:

A series of centrifuge model tests for deformation mechanism of soil slopes under rainfall were conducted using the rainfall simulation system in centrifuge. The models were loaded to 50g; and then the rainfall was generated. The displacements of slopes during the rainfall were measured by the image-analysis-based system; and the suctions of typical positions were measured by the tensiometers T5. The results show that the displacements of slopes increased as the rainfall proceeded and the deformation area centralized on the face of the slope and gradually enlarged as the water penetrated into the soil. The strain changing of soil elements has a close relationship with the suction variations. The strain of a typical soil element started to increase quickly just as the water content increased of the element. The strain of the soil element increased as the rainfall proceeded. The strain-rainfall curve has two inflexions; and based on which two fronts are defined. The slope is divided into three parts by the two fronts; and the deformation process of the slope can be described by the fronts’ movement.

Key words: rainfall, slope, centrifuge model, deformation

中图分类号:

TU472

钱纪芸，张嘎，张建民. 降雨条件下土坡变形机制的离心模型试验研究[J]. , 2011, 32(2): 398-402.

QIAN Ji-yun, ZHANG Ga, ZHANG Jian-min. Centrifuge model tests for deformation mechanism of soil slope during rainfall[J]. , 2011, 32(2): 398-402.

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