选取某煤矿近距离煤层为工程背景，采用FLAC3D模拟了8#煤层残余煤柱底板偏应力场分布特征。结果表明：（1）底板的偏应力呈扩散状向底板传递，距离煤柱越远扩散范围越广，煤柱边缘偏应力呈45°向底板传播；（2）煤柱较窄时，中线和边缘处偏应力影响深度浅，随煤柱宽度增加，底板偏应力变化和影响深度较大，当煤柱宽度足够大时，影响深度又变浅，中部趋于原岩应力；（3）同一水平面上，偏应力呈马鞍状分布，随煤柱宽度增加，煤柱中线处和边缘处偏应力经历了先增大后减小的过程，煤柱边缘处偏应力峰值位置变化不大；（4）同一煤柱宽度，煤柱边缘偏应力峰值向深部递减且趋势减慢，同时，峰值远离煤柱且趋势加快。在自由边界受均布载荷、底板垂直应力、水平应力、切应力解析解的基础上，推导了底板偏应力解析公式，解析与模拟结果基本吻合。具体到该工程的地质条件，9205轨道巷距离煤柱边缘20 m、9205回风巷在煤柱边缘、9205运输巷在煤柱中线处，9205轨道巷维护效果最好，证明了内错式巷道且距离煤柱足够远时，偏应力较小，宏观应力环境更适合巷道围岩自稳。

A close distance coal seams in a coal mine is selected as a case. Deviatoric stress distribution under coal abandon pillars #8 is simulated with FLAC3D. Research results are as follows: (1) Deviatoric stress field in floor distributes as diffusion, the farther the distance is, the wider the range spreads; it transfers from border to floor in 45o direction; (2) When the width of pillar is narrow, the deviatoric stress influence depth at midline and border is shallow; with the width increasing; deviatoric stress at floor varies obviously and the influence depth is deeper; when the coal pillar width is wide enough, middle part is as stress of primary rock; (3) In the same horizontal plane, deviatoric stresses are distributed as saddle shape, with pillar width increasing, the pillar midline and border increase at first and then decrease; and the position of deviatoric stress peak at coal pillar border has little change; (4) as to a certain coal pillar width, deviatoric stress peak at border decreases in vertical direction and its tendency is slower; meanwhile, the peak is far away from coal pillar quickly and its tendency gets faster. Through vertical stress, horizontal stress and shear stress analytical solution, a floor deviatoric stress analytic formula is derived; the analytic solution is consistent with the simulated result. In this case, track roadway 9205 has a 20 m distance from coal pillar border (inboard-type); return airway 9205 is located in coal pillar border; transportation roadway 9205 is located in coal pillar midline, track roadway 9205 maintenance effect is the best of them, which proves that the inboard-type layout roadway with an enough distance from coal pillar bears a little deviatoric stress. Macrostress field is more suitable to the roadway surrounding rock self-stabilization.