隧道对地下水环境影响科学评价一直是隧道工程界难以回避又备受困扰的技术难题之一，掌握工程因素对地下水资源流失量及水位变化的影响规律是开展地下水环境影响评价的理论基础。以350 km/h高速铁路双线隧道V级围岩“半包”防水复合式衬砌为计算原型，通过隧道瞬态渗流模型分析了地下水资源流失量及水位变化随时间的变化规律。进一步研究了工程因素中水位埋深、施工方法、施工时间、喷射混凝土厚度、喷射混凝土抗渗性能、喷射混凝土开裂渗漏、地层注浆加固方式、地层注浆加固范围、注浆体抗渗性能及隔断墙对地下水资源流失量及水位变化的影响规律。根据工程因素的影响规律，探讨了施工期及运营期地下水环境保护的控制方法和技术措施。

The scientific assessment of impact of tunnel engineering factor on groundwater environment is a technological problem to tunnel builders. The study of tunnel engineering factors on groundwater resources loss and level change is theoretical basis of scientific assessment of groundwater environment. Based on 350 km/h high-speed railway double line tunnel of grade V surrounding rock, the authors analyze the relationship between groundwater loss and level change with time. The authors further study the impact of multiple engineering factors on groundwater environment. The factors mainly include groundwater buried depth and tunnel construction method and construction time and shotcrete thickness and shotcrete anti-penetrability performance and shotcrete cracking leakage and strata grouting reinforcement method and grouting anti-penetrability performance and grouting range and partition wall. Finally, the authors suggest technical measures to protect groundwater environment during both construction stage and operation stage.