引入功效系数法完成健康监测系统中多个传感器监测数据的加权综合，实现隧道结构稳定性的实时预警（评价）。结合健康监测系统特点，提出利用同一时刻各传感器监测数据支持度来确定预警指标体系（最佳融合数据组）的方法，解决了功效系数法中指标体系选取困难的问题。选择三标度法确定指标权重，有效克服了1～9标度法主观性强、判断矩阵一致性差的缺点。将所提方法应用于武汉长江隧道健康监测系统预警中，首先，从4只表面应变计、6只测缝计监测数据中选择支持度大于0.1的数据构成预警指标体系。然后，利用三标度法确定各指标权重。最后，计算得到总功效系数值完成隧道预警，预警结果与隧道实际运营状况相符。功效系数法在隧道结构健康监测预警中具有很好的适用性。

The scientific and perfect early warning system for tunnel structure health monitoring has not been given by domestic and overseas; so the efficacy coefficient method is introduced to complete weighted comprehensive of multiple sensors monitoring data obtained from the health monitoring system to realize real-time warning or evaluation of the tunnel structure stability. Combining with the characteristics of health monitoring system, the method using support degree of the sensor monitoring data at the same time to determine the early warning index system (the optimal fusion data set) is proposed to solve the difficult problem of selecting index system in efficacy coefficient method. The three-scale method is chosen to determine the index weight which effectively overcomes the disadvantage of the 1-9 scaling method which has strongly subjectivity and the poor consistency judgment matrix. Applying the proposed method to the warning system of Wuhan Yangtze River tunnel health monitoring, firstly the monitoring data of which the support degree are greater than 0.1 is selected from the four surface strain gages and the six surface joint gages to constitute the early-warning index system; then the three-scale method is used to determine the index weight; finally the total efficacy coefficient value is calculated to complete tunnel early-warning; and the early warning results are in conformity with tunnel actual operating conditions; so the efficacy coefficient method has a good applicability in early warning of tunnel structural health monitoring.