基于Winkler地基模型的p-y曲线法在水平受荷桩的分析与设计中应用非常广泛。该方法最初主要针对海洋石油气平台，基于试桩桩径主要不超过1.2 m、长径比大于20的现场水平荷载试验结果，推导了半经验半理论方法。在过去的十年间，快速发展的风能行业（尤其海洋风机）所采用的桩基础尺寸已经远远超出了当初提出现有p-y模型时的试桩尺寸。目前普遍认为，针对大直径（如桩径 6 m）水平受荷桩的设计，现有p-y模型的可靠性值得商榷和进一步研究。通过两组水平受荷桩基试验实测结果，对当前API规范建议的砂土中p-y模型及其他研究者提出的修正方法进行了案例研究。研究结果表明：不同的p-y模型计算得到的桩身弯矩差异较小，可忽略不计；桩头变形主要受p-y曲线初始刚度值及曲线表达式影响；确定地基刚度常量时，除依据砂土地基的密实度与内摩擦角外，还应考虑地基形成历史。最后，提出了进一步研究方向。

Winkler model based p-y curve method has been widely used in the design of laterally loaded pile. This semi-empirical method was originally proposed for the offshore oil/gas platform and developed from field lateral loading test results mainly on flexible piles with diameters not greater than 1.2 m and ratios of pile embedded length to outer diameter larger than 20. In the past decade, the boom in the wind energy industry, especially for offshore, has increased the dimensions of piles out of the range for derivation of current p-y models. To date, it is generally agreed that, for the design of a laterally loaded pile with a large diameter, such as diameter 6 m, the reliability of current p-y models is not clear and should be further investigated. According to the test results of two laterally loaded piles, a detailed case study was conducted to investigate the p-y model recommended by the API code and other researchers’ refinement. The results show that the negligible error is shown in bending moment predicted by different p-y models. The pile head deformation is mainly dependent on the initial stiffness of subgrade reaction and the expressions of p-y models. Not only the internal friction angle and relative density of sands, but also the geological history of ground should be considered for determining constant of subgrade reaction stiffness. Finally, future study is highlighted.