海底隧道或近海富水区隧道围岩长期处于地下水环境中，围岩稳定性受渗流场的影响较为明显，由于渗流场作用使得应力场、损伤场发生变化，而围岩应力场、损伤场的变化又对渗流场产生反作用，三场耦合效应十分显著。针对耦合模型中参数多、确定难度大的问题，进行耦合模型中损伤参数的反演。采用基于岩石弹塑性应力-渗流-损伤耦合模型所编制的计算程序和智能位移反分析程序，对大连地铁海事大学试验线路过河段隧道施工过程中的围岩稳定性进行数值计算。根据现场监测位移采用耦合模型进行损伤参数反演，其中耦合计算中采用应力场与渗流场分别迭代求解的间接耦合方法进行有限元计算，利用反演的参数对隧道围岩应力场、渗流场、损伤场分布规律及衬砌结构的受力特征进行了分析。研究结果表明：利用位移反分析法得到的围岩力学参数进行类似地质条件的隧道围岩数值分析是可行的，进而可以预测围岩的变形破坏模式，判断围岩的稳定性。与此同时，通过数值计算可知，地下水的渗流作用对近海隧道的围岩变形有一定的影响，增加了围岩的应力、位移，从围岩-支护结构共同作用原理考虑，进行隧道支护结构设计是应该考虑三场耦合效应的，计算结果可以指导隧道防排水施工质量的改进与提高，为近海富水区隧道开挖设计提供一定的理论参考。

Because the surrounding rock mass of a subsea tunnel or an offshore water tunnel chronically resides in the groundwater environment, its stability is significantly influenced by seepage field, which can in turn induce stress variation and even damage in the rock mass. Conversely, the stress variation and rock damage can exert influence on the seepage field. In this study, inversion analysis is carried out to determine the material parameters for the coupling model. A computer program is developed using C++ language to describe the elastoplastic stress-seepage-damage coupling of the rock mass, and the intelligent back analysis is performed to examine the stability of the surrounding rock along the Dalian Maritime University subway test line under construction. The parameter inversion is performed based on the displacement data from field monitoring, and in calculation, the indirect iteration coupling method of stress field and seepage field is used. The stress distribution and seepage field of the supporting structure are analyzed using the inversion damage parameters of the surrounding rock. The results show that the mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock obtained from the displacement back analysis can be used in the numerical analysis of the surrounding rock of similar geological conditions. Based on this, the deformation of surrounding rock can be determined, and the stability of surrounding rock can be evaluated. It is also shown that the groundwater seepage has influence on the deformation of surrounding rock of an offshore tunnel, which can induce increase in the stress and displacement of the surrounding rock. The results can provide some guideline for the tunnel waterproof design and construction.