以地表变形监测成果为基础，结合数值计算分析，再现了程潮铁矿东主井区地表的变形过程，分析得到了井区地表的变形特征和变形机制。研究结果表明，当地下采空区和地表塌坑形成一定规模后，在矿区不同方向水平构造应力的释放和挤压作用下，被地质结构剖分为柱状结构的围岩向塌坑方向产生倾倒，引起了井区地表变形；地表变形主要以水平移动为主，垂直位移很小，但是随着柱状结构岩体不断倾斜，地表垂直位移与水平位移的比值也不断增大，并在地表形成漏斗形变形曲线。

Based on results of ground deformation monitored and the numerical simulation, the process of ground deformation is investigated in East Main Shaft of Chengchao Iron Mine; and then the characteristics and mechanism of ground deformation are given. Research results show that: When the underground mined-out area and the collapse pit form a certain scale, under the release and squeezing of horizontal tectonic stress in different directions, the surrounding rock cut columnar structure cut by geological in structures the surrounding rock toppled to collapse pit, then caused the ground deformation in the surface. Ground deformation is mainly dominated by horizontal displacement, and the vertical displacement is very little. With the constantly tilt of columnar structure, the ratio of vertical displacement to horizontal displacement is constantly increasing, and the funnel-shaped deformation curve forms in the surface.