为研究隧道锚–围岩系统的承载特性，依托云南普立特大桥普立岸隧道锚，开展锚塞体不同大小和埋深的室内模型试验研究。试验结果表明，试验荷载作用下和锚塞体接触部位的围岩首先发挥抗剪作用直至到极限状态，锚塞体发生微小变形，然后荷载产生的应力逐步向围岩中扩散，围岩表面出现变形，最终锚塞体位移发生突变，围岩表面出现放射性裂纹。根据锚塞体和围岩表面的荷载–位移曲线以及围岩中的附加应力变化情况，研究了隧道锚–围岩系统的承载力确定方法。针对相似材料中III类围岩黏聚力不满足相似比的情况，提出采用数值仿真的方法对进行畸变修正，得到与原始地质模型匹配的相似模型允许荷载是30f（f为设计荷载），极限荷载是设计50f。研究结果可为大桥隧道锚的修建及类似的工程设计提供参考。

In order to study the capacity characteristics of surrounding rock system, laboratory model tests with different sizes and embedded depths of anchorage are conducted. The results show that the contact area of anchorage and surrounding rock first reaches its limits; the anchorage has small deformation; the stress gradually spreads to surrounding rock; the deformation occurs on the surface. Eventually, the anchorage has catastrophe displacement; and the cracks appear on the surface of surrounding rock. According to the load-displacement curve of anchorage and rock surface and internal additional stress, the bearing capacity has been studied. Because the III surrounding rock does not satisfy the similar ratio, the numerical method has been proposed for distortion correction. Consequently, for the similarity model test of original geological model, the allowable load is 30f where, f is the design load, and the ultimate load is 50f. The research results can provide reference for the design and construction of similar projects.