石膏岩的饱水软化蠕变特性是影响石膏矿采空区安全评价的重要因素。以荆门石膏矿岩为研究对象，开展天然与饱水状态下的单试样逐级增量加载试验，分析了饱水软化作用下石膏岩的蠕变特性，选取西原模型描述石膏岩的本构关系。分析结果可得，饱水试样总蠕变量大于天然试样；饱水试样蠕变破坏强度（11 MPa）是天然试样蠕变破坏强度（21.5 MPa）的0.54倍，长期强度（10 MPa）是天然试样长期强度（19.5 MPa）的0.49倍。利用西原模型对蠕变曲线进行拟合并分析拟合参数可知，饱水试样参数E1是天然试样的0.1～0.5倍，η1是天然试样的0.2～0.7倍，E2是天然试样的2～10倍。以上结论均表明饱水试样的蠕变特性更加明显。分析讨论饱水软化作用对石膏岩蠕变特性影响机制可知，荆门石膏岩软化作用主要由物理软化作用及化学软化作用耦合而成，物理软化作用主要为静水作用下的孔压效应，化学软化作用主要为石膏岩的重结晶作用。试验分析结果可为石膏矿采空区安全评价提供依据，具有重要的工程实际意义。

The saturated and softening creep characteristics of gypsum rock have important impacts in the safety evaluation of gypsum mine goaf. Taking Jingmen gypsum mine as the research object, the saturated and softening creep characteristics of gypsum rock are analyzed by carrying out single sample step by step increment load experiment in natural or saturated conditions; the constitutive relation of gypsum rock has been described by Nishihara model. The results show that the total creep deformation of saturated states is large than the natural; the average strength (11 MPa) of saturated samples is 0.54 times of the natural samples (21.5 MPa), the average long-term strength of saturated samples (10 MPa) is 0.49 times of natural samples (19.5 MPa); using the Nishihara model to fit the creep curve and analyze the creep parameter; the fitting results show that the creep parameter E1 is 0.1-0.5 times of natural sample; η1 is 0.2-0.7 times; E2 is 2-10 times. The above results indicate that the creep characteristics of saturated samples are more obvious than the natural ones. By analyzing the mechanism of creep characteristics of water-softening gypsum rock, we can draw the conclusion: the water-softening of gypsum rock includes the hole-pressure effect under hydrostatic pressure in physical layer aspect and recrystallization in chemical layer aspect. The resulting findings can provide basis for safety evaluation of gypsum rock goaf, which has important actual engineering significance.