无法直观认识和还原岩石内部结构一直是阻碍岩石力学试验研究的关键问题之一。以天然砂岩为研究对象，运用CT扫描和2种不同的3D打印工艺重构了与天然砂岩试样结构相接近的3D打印试样，并在此基础上通过单轴压缩和巴西劈裂试验对天然砂岩及3D打印试样进行了力学性能测试，对比了两者的强度和变形规律。试验结果表明：通过不同3D打印工艺制作的试样均能够高度还原天然砂岩试样的内部复杂结构。其中，采用3DP打印工艺制作的试样具有与天然砂岩试样更接近的物理力学性能，试验结果的离散性也相对较小。其研究结果可为今后岩石力学研究中材料的替换、室内试验的开展和数值模拟结果的印证提供新的研究途径。

Reconstructing the inner structure of rocks has been one of the critical problems in the field of experimental rock mechanics. In this paper, natural sandstone specimens were selected as research objects, and CT scanning and two different kinds of three-dimensional (3D) printing methods were adopted to reconstruct 3D-printed specimens. It turns out that the structures of 3D-printed specimens were in proximity to natural sandstone specimens. Uniaxial compression tests and Brazilian tests were carried out on these two kinds of specimens to obtain mechanical properties. Then the strength and deformation law of natural sandstone specimens and two kinds of 3D-printed specimens were compared. The results indicated that specimens made by different methods of 3D printing technology could highly reconstruct the complex inner structure of natural sandstone specimens. In the meantime, physical and mechanical properties of 3D-printed specimens were closer to natural sandstone specimens, and the dispersion of experimental results was relatively small. Therefore, this study provides a new promising way that can conduct experimental research, produce substitutes for materials and verify numerical simulation results.