The conventional triaxial compression test is conducted on coal specimens, then the destroyed coal specimens are taken to perform CT scanning test, and thus the spatial distributions of fracture within the coal specimens are obtained by importing processed CT images into Mimics10.01. In addition, the body fractal dimension of coal specimens is preliminarily analyzed by self-compiled Matlab program. The results show that under triaxial compression condition, compression and shear failures prevail in coal specimens, and coal specimens exhibit a specific mechanical mechanism with varying confining pressure. The spatial distribution of coal three-dimensional fractures reconstructed by Mimics10.01 indicates that the connectivity rate and bulk density of shear failure plane of coal specimens tend to increase with the confining pressure. And the calculated results of body fractal dimension suggest that the more serious damage inside coal rock, the lower the fractal dimension value.