In the construction of the foundation engineering, the settlement and stability of the upper structure is directly affected by the compaction quality of the earth-rock filling embankment; so how to effectively evaluate the compaction quality of earth-rock filling embankment is the key technical problem to be solved in the process of the construction quality control. A theoretical model of the compaction quality detection by wave-electricity coupled method is constructed based on the wave propagation characteristic and electrical resistivity characteristic of the soil and stone; and then the fast detection method of the compaction quality of embankment is put forward based on the theoretical model. By the engineering application, fluctuating signals in the filling embankment is collected by the surface wave method; and the wave velocity is analyzed based on the frequency dispersion of the surface wave. The electrical resistivity is tested by the direct current survey. The relationship between the wave velocity and compaction degree and the relationship between the electrical resistivity and the water content are established by analyzing of the wave and electricity characteristics of the compaction specimen. And the evaluation model of the filling embankment compactness is set up based on wave-electricity coupled method. At last, the compaction quality of embankment is evaluated comprehensively. The results show that the model considering the wave and electricity characteristic of the soil and stone, and the parameters of the wave and electricity characteristic is easy to test, and the model is simple in calculation, and this wave-electricity coupled method is convenient for rapid detection