Slope-top loading is a non-negligible factor in the stability analyses of highway slope, railway slope, mine slope and so on. Toppling failure is one of typical deformation failure modes of steep stratified rock slopes. Analysis of toppling failure of rock slopes subjected to the load applied on the top has an important bearing on engineering practice. Based on the gradual analysis method of limit equilibrium proposed by Goodman and Bray, a geomechanical model of the toppling failure of rock slopes under slope-top loads are developed and the related analysis method is proposed. Using the transfer coefficient method, a formulation is derived for calculating the residual sliding force at the toe and the supporting force required to meet the requirements of the slope stability under slope-op load, which provides a theoretical basis for the design and support of this type of slope. Two examples are introduced, in which the influence of slope-top load on the residual sliding force as well as the sliding ratio coefficient is analyzed for the cases of diverse block widths and slope cut angles. The results show that there exists a critical block width for a given slope such that when the block thickness is less than the critical value, the influence of slope-top load on the residual sliding force is more significant. The influence of slope-top load on the slope stability increases with the slope cut angle. There is a positive correlation between the sliding ratio coefficient and slope-top load. Finally, the theoretical and numerical solutions calculated by UDEC are compared and consistent results are obtained, showing the applicability of both methods.