To deduce the real mechanical parameters of 300 m super-high arch dam inversely based on the various observation data during construction period, is of great engineering and research significance. In this paper, an inversion hybrid model of super-high arch dam is proposed based on simulating stress during construction period, which aims to deduce the real mechanical parameters inversely based on the vertical compressive deformation of dam and foundation detected in the period of construction. The practicality and feasibility of this model are validated by an case study of Xiluodu super-high arch dam. The elastic modulus of the dam body is inverted based on the observation of precise leveling instrument during construction, and the deformation modulus of its foundation is inverted according to the observation of multi-point extensometer during construction. The results show that the values obtained by the inversion hybrid model agree well with the actual measured elastic modulus and deformation modulus. The results in this current paper can provide research references for similar problem of super-high arch dams.