岩土力学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 1253-1265.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2020.1439

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于时频分析的微震P波和S波到时联合拾取方法

贾宝新1, 2，李峰1，周琳力1，王帅1，刘家顺1   

  1. 1. 辽宁工程技术大学 土木工程学院，辽宁 阜新 123000；2. 中国地震局地质研究所，北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-22 修回日期:2020-12-25 出版日期:2021-05-11 发布日期:2021-05-07
  • 作者简介:贾宝新，男，1978 年生，博士，教授，主要从事矿山灾害力学等方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（No. 51774173）；辽宁工程技术大学学科创新团队资助项目（No. LNTU20TD08）

Joint arrival-time picking method of microseismic P-wave and S-wave based on time-frequency analysis

JIA Bao-xin1, 2, LI Feng1, ZHOU Lin-li1, WANG Shuai1, LIU Jia-shun1   

  1. 1. School of Civil Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, Liaoning 123000, China; 2. Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2020-09-22 Revised:2020-12-25 Online:2021-05-11 Published:2021-05-07
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51774173) and the Discipline Innovation Team of Liaoning Technical University (LNTU20TD08).

PDF (Chinese)

522

PDF (English)

33

摘要： 微震信号到时的精确拾取是震源定位的重要前提，准确获取微震信号P波、S波到时具有重要理论意义。基于时频分析原理与到时拾取原理，提出了基于时频分析的下山比较法。该方法的时频分析原理通过语谱图、功率密度谱图、连续两次FIR带通滤波获取了背景噪声的位置和规律、P波和S波初至前后微震信号的频率、振幅、能量变化以及光滑且利于迭代平均值比较的波形。该方法的到时拾取原理通过将全子波振幅的数学期望设置为阈值，并遵循P波和S波功率大小、到达先后、波形重叠三大关系迭代比较微震信号子波振幅，从而获得P波精确到时和S波峰值到时。利用模型试验比较了该方法较改进长短时窗（STA/LTA）方法的优越性，并在工程实例中获得验证。结果表明：该方法对比改进STA/LTA方法，前者可同时拾取P波精确到时与S波峰值到时而后者只能拾取P波精确到时，前者P波平均时差、标准差分别为后者的6.18‰、3.98‰，前者单次拾取所需平均计算时间、标准差分别为后者的43.99%、10.54%，前者到时拾取失败比例为0，而后者为15.63%。

关键词: 时频分析, FIR带通滤波, P波S波到时拾取, TFA-DC方法, 改进STA/LTA方法

Abstract: Accurate acquisition of arrival time of microseismic signals is an important prerequisite for focal location, and the accurate acquisition of arrival time of P-wave and S-wave of microseismic signals has important theoretical significance. Based on the principles of time-frequency analysis and the arrival-time picking, the time-frequency analysis-downhill comparison method is proposed. According to the time-frequency analysis principle of this method, the position and rule of background noise, the frequency, amplitude and energy of microseismic signals before and after the initial arrival of P-wave and S-wave and smooth waveforms that facilitate the comparison of iterative averages can be obtained through spectrogram, power density spectrum and two successive FIR band-pass filters. By setting the mathematical expectation of the full wavelet amplitude as the threshold and iteratively comparing wavelet amplitudes of microseismic signals based on three relationships of power, arrival order and waveform overlap of P-wave and S-wave, the precise arrival time of P-wave and the arrival time of S-wave peak value are obtained. The advantages of this method over the improved STA/LTA method are compared by model tests and have been verified in an engineering example. The results show that: compared with the improved STA/LTA method, this proposed method can simultaneously pick up the precise arrival time of P-wave and the arrival time of S-wave peak value, while the latter can only pick up the accurate arrival time of P-wave. The average time difference and standard deviation of the former are 6.18 ‰ and 3.98 ‰ of the latter, respectively. Additionally, the average calculation time and standard deviation of the former are 43.99% and 10.54% of the latter, respectively. The failure ratio of the former is 0 while that of the latter is 15.63%.

Key words: time-frequency analysis, FIR band-pass filtering, time acquisition of P-wave and S-wave, TFA-DC method, improved STA/LTA method

中图分类号: TP 301.6；P 315
[1] 贾宝新, 翟紫薇, 张晶, 周志扬, 苑文雅, 郑克楠, . 基于高阶局部最大值同步挤压变换的浅埋隧道地表高铁振动信号时频与衰减特征分析[J]. 岩土力学, 2025, 46(1): 337-352.
[2] 王志颖, 郭明珠, 曾金艳, 王晨, 刘晃. 地震作用下含软弱夹层顺层岩质斜坡 动力响应的试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2023, 44(9): 2566-2578.
[3] 吴祚菊，张建经，王志佳，吴兴序，汪明元，. 地震动场地放大效应的时频特性分析[J]. , 2017, 38(3): 685-965.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
版权所有 © 《岩土力学》编辑部
地址：湖北武汉武昌小洪山中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所(430071)　邮编：200042　电话：027-87198484　E-mail: ytlx@whrsm.ac.cn
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发