岩土力学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1917-1928.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2025.0489CSTR: 32223.14.j.rsm.2025.0489

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于开挖弃土与粉煤灰的泡沫轻质土物理力学性能及耐久性分析

卢正1，则志辉1, 2，赵阳1，柴少强3，刘斌3，李元彪1, 2，姚海林1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 岩土力学与工程安全全国重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430071； 2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049；3. 中交一公局第七工程有限公司，河南 郑州 451450
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-18 接受日期:2025-08-22 出版日期:2026-06-11 发布日期:2026-06-06
  • 通讯作者: 赵阳，男，1995年生，博士，助理研究员，主要从事路基工程及泡沫轻质土材料的研究工作。E-mail: zhaoyang@mail.whrsm.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:卢正，男，1982年生，博士，研究员，主要从事土力学及路基工程方面的研究工作。E-mail: zlu@whrsm.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（No.42477205）；湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目（No.2023AFA019）；中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程安全全国重点实验室“揭榜挂帅”项目（SKLGME-JBGS2403）；国家自然科学基金联合重点项目（No.U25A20348）。

Physical-mechanical properties and durability analysis of foamed lightweight soil based on excavated soil and fly ash

LU Zheng1, ZE Zhi-hui1, 2, ZHAO Yang1, CHAI Shao-qiang3, LIU Bin3, LI Yuan-biao1, 2, YAO Hai-lin1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. No. Seven Engineering Co., Ltd. of CCCC First Highway Engineering Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan 451450, China
  • Received:2025-05-18 Accepted:2025-08-22 Online:2026-06-11 Published:2026-06-06
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42477205), the Innovation Group Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2023AFA019), the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SKLGME-JBGS2403) and the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U25A20348).

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摘要：

基于开挖弃土和粉煤灰制备泡沫轻质土（foamed lightweight soil using excavated soil and fly ash，简称FLS-FE），并将其用于软土地区路基填筑或路基强弱交界处不均匀沉降控制是一种绿色环保且行之有效的处治方案。基于这一理念，通过一系列室内试验研究了不同比例下泡沫轻质土的流动度、吸水率、无侧限抗压强度变化规律，并进一步开展了干湿循环与冻融循环试验，揭示了FLS-FE长期服役状态的演化规律。试验结果表明，FLS-FE的流动度受开挖弃土和粉煤灰的影响较大，粉煤灰和熟石灰可以降低其吸水率。干密度与抗压强度变化一致；随开挖弃土掺量提高，FLS-FE抗压强度显著降低；然而粉煤灰与熟石灰的掺入均能有效提升其强度与韧性，尤其通过添加4%熟石灰进行碱激发以活化固废分子活性，可使抗压强度提升43.9%。在耐久性方面，单独加入开挖弃土且掺量≤50%时，20次循环后强度损失不超过30%，掺量为60%时FLS-FE强度损失在干湿循环下达到46%，冻融循环下达到40%，添加粉煤灰可显著缓解强度衰减。通过添加熟石灰提供碱性环境后，FLS-FE经过20次干湿循环质量损失低于13%，冻融循环下低于12%；耐久系数均大于70%。基于试验研究成果，建议用于路基填筑的FLS-FE中开挖弃土含量不宜超过50%；通过添加粉煤灰，可使得总体固废利用率达60%，添加4%含量的熟石灰能够最大程度提高FLS-FE的性能。

关键词: 开挖弃土, 粉煤灰, 熟石灰, 物理力学性能, 耐久性能, 泡沫轻质土

Abstract:

The utilization of excavated soil and fly ash to produce foamed lightweight soil (FLS-FE), and its application in subgrade filling in soft soil areas or the control of uneven settlement at the transition zones between strong and weak subgrades, are a green, environmentally friendly, and effective treatment solution. Guided by concept, a series of laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the variation patterns in fluidity, water absorption, and unconfined compressive strength of FLS-FE at different mixing ratios. Further wet-dry cycling and freeze-thaw cycling experiments were implemented to reveal the evolution patterns of FLS-FE under long-term service conditions. The test results indicate that the fluidity of FLS-FE is significantly influenced by the content of excavated soil and fly ash, while fly ash and hydrated lime can reduce its water absorption. The dry density correlates with compressive strength changes. As the excavated soil content increases, the compressive strength of FLS-FE decreases significantly. However, the incorporation of both fly ash and hydrated lime can effectively enhance its strength and toughness. In particular, adding 4% hydrated lime for alkali activation to stimulate the reactivity of the solid waste molecules can increase the compressive strength by 43.9%.In terms of durability, when incorporating excavated soil alone at ≤50% dosage, the strength loss after 20 cycles does not exceed 30%. At a 60% dosage, the strength loss of FLS-FE reaches 46% under wet-dry cycling and 40% under freeze-thaw cycling. However, The addition of fly ash can notably mitigate this strength degradation. After introducing hydrated lime to create an alkaline environment, the mass loss of FLS-FE remains below 13% after wet-dry cycles and below 12% after freeze-thaw cycles, with durability coefficients consistently exceeding 70%. Based on the experimental findings, it is recommended that the content of excavated soil in FLS-FE for subgrade filling should not exceed 50%; the overall solid waste utilization rate can reach 60% by incorporating fly ash, and adding 4% hydrated lime can maximize the performance enhancement of FLS-FE.

Key words: excavated soil, fly ash, hydrated lime, physical-mechanical properties, durability, foamed lightweight soil

中图分类号: TU433
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