岩土力学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 2225-2238.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2020.1732

• 岩土工程研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

地堑构造区冲击地压发生机制及矿震活动规律

吴振华1, 2，潘鹏志1, 2，潘俊锋3，王兆丰1, 2，高家明3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430071； 2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049；3. 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司，北京 100013
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-10 修回日期:2021-03-13 出版日期:2021-08-11 发布日期:2021-08-16
  • 通讯作者: 潘鹏志，男，1976年生，博士，研究员，主要从事裂隙岩体变形破坏机理与连续-非连续数值方法方面的研究工作。 E-mail: pzpan@whrsm.ac.cn E-mail:Parkour_213@126.com
  • 作者简介:吴振华，男，1993年生，博士研究生，主要从事矿山压力方面的研究工作
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划（No. 2017YFC0804203）。

Analysis of mechanism of rock burst and law of mining induced events in graben structural area

WU Zhen-hua1, 2, PAN Peng-zhi1, 2, PAN Jun-feng3, WANG Zhao-feng1, 2, GAO Jia-ming3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China
  • Received:2020-10-10 Revised:2021-03-13 Online:2021-08-11 Published:2021-08-16
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0804203).

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摘要： 针对地堑构造区域发生冲击地压的灾害问题，基于地堑结构的特殊性及覆岩赋存特征，采用现场调研、理论分析和数值模拟等手段，分析了地堑构造区域覆岩运动特征及煤岩体应力演化规律并建立了相应的力学模型，研究了地堑构造区域冲击地压发生机制。同时，分析了冲击地压前后微震能量、频次的演化特征，得到了地堑构造区域冲击地压微震前兆信息时序规律。研究结果表明：楔形体的滑移下沉与采空区宽度密切相关，地堑构造区内采空区的存在会打破楔形体的稳定状态，FD6和FD8断层的局部滑移错动导致楔形体滑移下沉，而地堑构造区的悬顶结构也对未开采煤体有相应挤压作用，两者的共同作用为冲击地压发生提供了高静应力条件，悬顶结构的破断为冲击地压的发生提供了动载扰动条件，静荷载和动荷载的共同作用导致地堑结构内部的上平巷和三联巷发生冲击显现；在冲击前的一定时间内微震能量和频次期间呈现明显的偏差，且微震日平均能量具有明显的突降和突升现象。基于分析结果结合现场实际，提出了“断链增耗”的防冲技术，为地堑构造区工作面冲击地压防控提供一定的理论参考。

关键词: 地堑构造, 冲击地压, 力学模型, 微震, 断链增耗

Abstract: Aiming at the disaster of rock burst in graben structural area of coal mine, based on the particularity of graben structure and the occurrence characteristics of overburden rock, the movement characteristics of overburden and stress evolution law of coal and rock mass in the graben structural region are analyzed and the corresponding mechanical model is established by means of field investigation, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The mechanism of rock burst in the graben structural region is consequently studied. At the same time, the evolution characteristics of microseismic energy and frequency before and after rock burst are analyzed, and the time sequence of microseismic precursory information of rock burst in graben structural region is obtained. The results show that: the sliding subsidence of wedge is closely related to the width of goaf. The existence of goaf in graben structural area will break the stable state of wedge and lead to more severe stability conditions. The local slip and dislocation of FD6 and FD8 faults lead to wedge sliding subsidence, and the hanging roof structure of graben structural area also has corresponding extrusion effect on the undeveloped coal mass. The same action provides high static stress conditions for the occurrence of rock burst, and the breaking of suspended roof structure provides dynamic load disturbance conditions for the occurrence of rock burst. The joint action of static load and dynamic load results in the upper drift and triple entry in the graben structure. The energy and frequency of microseismic show obvious deviation before the impact, and the daily average energy of microseismic is measured. There are obvious sudden drop and sudden rise. The anti-scour technology of “chain-brokening and consumption-increasing” is proposed based on the analysis results and field practice. It provides some theoretical reference value for occurrence mechanism, early warning and prevention and control of rock burst on working face in graben structural area.

Key words: graben structure, rock burst, mechanical model, microseismic, chain-brokening and consumption-increasing

中图分类号: TU 456
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