关键词: 初始地应力, 高地应力, 分级方案, 定性判据, 定量判据

Abstract: The magnitude of initial geostress is one of the key parameters for designing underground structures and can directly influence the mechanical behavior of engineered rock masses. Although attention has been paid to the engineering problems related to high geostresses since 1980s, no clear definition is ever made thus far. In China, several rating schemes have been proposed for defining initial geostresses, but the rockmass behaviors inferred from such schemes differ more or less from the real ones. For example, no obvious high geostress characteristics were ever witnessed in some predicted high-geostress engineering sites (e.g. Guandi underground powerhouse), whereas heavy rockbursts could happen in the sites supposed to have low geostress (say, Ertan underground powerhouse site). To resolve this issue, the rating schemes for initial geostress commonly practiced in China is briefly introduced first; then the major factors affecting the geostress rating are discussed; finally high geostress is classified into two categories, i.e. the initial high geostress and the induced high geostress. The induced high geostress is a combined result of the high secondary stress concentration due to cavern groups and the dynamic disturbance due to blasting excavations. The criterion defining high geostress is clearly specified, which is the threshold of geostress that can induce failure of the embedded structure or the rockmass, and a qualitative criterion is also summarized based on the previous research results. The ratio of strength to stress is redefined as the uniaxial compressive strength of dry intact rock to the measured maximum principal stress, and a new initial geostress rating scheme (quantitative criterion) is suggested. The suggested scheme is validated using the monitoring data of 25 engineering cases, showing that the accuracy of the suggested scheme is much better than the commonly used rating schemes in China. The suggested scheme is similar to that proposed by CD Martin et al. in 1999.

Key words: initial geostress, high geostress, rating scheme, qualitative criterion, quantitative criterion