Abstract: The tunnel construction method based on “NATM” principle is tried and has been spread out gradually in china . It is important to monitor the tunnel opening during the construction with “NATM” , which is still a weak link in china. This paper briefly sums up the basic conception and direction principle of “NATM”, and it also expounds of significance and main contents of site monitoring. Furthermore, there gives an example to explain the results of monitoring at the tunnel of “Mine Yen” in Japan. The method of so called “Direct-strain-control” which was proposed by Prof. Shunsuke Sakurai of Kobe university in Japan introduced emphatically in this paper. This method considers the strain as a failure criterion to evaluate the stability of tunnel opening.