岩土力学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (8): 2176-2190.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2021.2108

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

邻近车站(工作井)基坑开挖对下卧 盾构隧道影响的解析计算方法

王祖贤1，施成华1，龚琛杰1，曹成勇2，刘建文1，彭铸1   

  1. 1. 中南大学 土木工程学院，湖南 长沙 410075；2. 深圳大学 土木与交通工程学院，广东 深圳 518060
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-28 修回日期:2022-06-24 出版日期:2022-08-11 发布日期:2022-08-17
  • 通讯作者: 龚琛杰，男，1990年生，博士，副教授，主要从事盾构隧道结构安全方面的教学和科研工作。E-mail: gongcj@csu.edu.cn E-mail:csusdwzx@csu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王祖贤，男，1994年生，博士研究生，主要从事隧道与地下工程方面的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（No. 51908557，No. 51778636）；湖南省自然科学基金（No. 2021JJ30837）。

Analytical method to estimate the influence of foundation pit excavation adjacent to the station (working shaft) on the underlying shield tunnel

WANG Zu-xian1, SHI Cheng-hua1, GONG Chen-jie1, CAO Cheng-yong2, LIU Jian-wen1, PENG Zhu1   

  1. 1. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410075, China; 2. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
  • Received:2021-11-28 Revised:2022-06-24 Online:2022-08-11 Published:2022-08-17
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51908557, 51778636) and the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2021JJ30837).

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摘要：

既有用于基坑开挖引起下卧盾构隧道纵向变形计算的解析模型，往往将盾构隧道视为两端自由的无限长梁，限制了此类模型的适用范围。针对邻近车站（工作井）基坑开挖引起下卧盾构隧道纵向变形问题，将车站（工作井）―隧道连接节点对盾构隧道的约束视为一转动刚度为 Kθ 的旋转弹簧和一竖向链杆，建立了开挖卸荷作用下邻近车站（工作井）盾构隧道纵向变形分析的Winkler地基 - Timoshenko 梁模型，基于力法基本原理严格推导了解析模型的差分解。通过与一维弹性地基梁有限元数值解和邻近车站基坑开挖诱发下卧盾构隧道纵向变形的整体有限元计算结果的对比，验证了解析模型的可靠性和适用性。进一步的参数分析结果表明：车站（工作井）―隧道连接节点转动刚度 Kθ 对隧道纵向变形和内力具有显著影响，连接端处隧道内力随 Kθ的增大而非线性增大，而隧道横截面转角的变化却恰好相反，且车站（工作井）－隧道连接节点采用柔性连接时能更好地保障此节点处盾构隧道的工作性能；当基坑中心距车站－隧道连接节点的距离在4～5倍的基坑宽度（沿隧道轴向）范围内时，连接节点对隧道端部的约束效应不可忽略，应采用该模型进行盾构隧道纵向性能评价；上覆基坑开挖对下卧盾构隧道的影响主要集中在自基坑中心2倍基坑长度（横隧道轴向）以内。

关键词: 盾构隧道, 基坑开挖, 柔性边界, 纵向变形, 解析解

Abstract:

The shield tunnel is typically simplified as an infinite beam with two free ends in existing analytical models, which are used to calculate the longitudinal deformation of the underlying shield tunnel induced by the excavation of a foundation pit. However, the applicability of those analytical models is limited due to the simplification. The current study is aimed at estimating analytically the longitudinal deformation of the underlying shield tunnel induced by the excavation of a foundation pit adjacent to the station (working shaft). The constraint on the shield tunnel generated by the joint between the station (working shaft) and the tunnel is treated as a rotation spring with the rotation stiffness of  Kθ  and a vertical rod support. The Winkler foundation – Timoshenko beam model for calculating the longitudinal deformation of the shield tunnel adjacent to the station (working shaft) induced by the foundation pit excavation is proposed. The finite difference solution of the proposed model is strictly derived based on the basic principles of the force method. The reliability and applicability of the proposed analytical model are verified via the comparison with the finite element numerical solution of one-dimensional elastic foundation beam model and the global finite element simulation results of the longitudinal deformation of the underlying tunnel induced by the excavation of a foundation pit adjacent to the station. The parametric studies indicate the following conclusions. (i) The longitudinal deformation and internal forces of the shield tunnel are significantly influenced by the rotation stiffness, Kθ , of the joint between the station (working shaft) and the tunnel. The internal forces and the longitudinal deformation (i.e. rotation angle) at the end of the tunnel increase and decreases nonlinearly with a increasing  Kθ , respectively. In addition, when the flexible connection is adopted at the joint between the station (working well) and tunnel, the working performance of the shield tunnel at the joint can be better guaranteed. (ii) The constraint effect of the joint on the end of the tunnel is non-negligible, when the distance from the center of the foundation pit to the station-tunnel joint ranges from 4 to 5 times the width of the pit along the tunnel axis. In this condition, the proposed analytical model should be adopted to evaluate the longitudinal working performance of the tunnel. (iii) The influence of the overlying foundation pit excavation on the underlying tunnel mainly exerts within 2 times the length of the pit perpendicular to the tunnel axis away from the center of the pit.

Key words: shield tunnel, foundation pit excavation, flexible boundary, longitudinal deformation, analytical solution

中图分类号: TU 43
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