岩土力学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 2449-2460.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2025.0787CSTR: 32223.14.j.rsm.2025.0787

• 岩土工程研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

近断层速度脉冲型地震动作用下岩质斜坡动力响应特征与坡向效应研究

罗璟1, 2，刘卓1，裴向军1, 2   

  1. 1．成都理工大学 地质灾害防治与地质环境保护全国重点实验室，四川 成都 610059； 2．天府永兴实验室，四川 成都 610213
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-23 接受日期:2025-12-11 出版日期:2026-07-13 发布日期:2026-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 裴向军，男，1970年生，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事地质灾害评价与防治研究。E-mail: pxj@cdut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:罗璟，男，1990年生，博士，研究员，硕士生导师，主要从事地质灾害风险与韧性防控方面的教学与研究工作。E-mail: luoj@cdut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（No.42107212）；国家重点研发计划项目（No.2023YFC3007101）；地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室自主研究课题（No.SKLGP2022Z014）；四川省自然科学基金项目（No.2025ZNSFSC0318）。

Dynamic response characteristics and slope aspect effect of rock slopes under near-fault pulse-like ground motions

LUO Jing1, 2, LIU Zhuo1, PEI Xiang-jun1, 2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China; 2. Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, China
  • Received:2025-07-23 Accepted:2025-12-11 Online:2026-07-13 Published:2026-07-15
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42107212), the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFC3007101), the Independent Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (SKLGP2022Z014) and the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2025ZNSFSC0318).

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摘要： 近断层速度脉冲型地震动具有长周期、大幅值和高能量释放等特征，其破坏力显著高于常规地震，但在其作用下斜坡的动力响应特征及失稳机制尚不明确。基于通用离散元程序（universal distinct element code，简称UDEC），构建了河谷相向岩质斜坡概化模型，系统分析了脉冲型地震动作用下岩质斜坡动力响应特征，并探讨了脉冲型地震动强度各向异性与地震滑坡坡向效应之间的关系。结果表明：在典型脉冲型地震动作用下，河谷相向岩质斜坡在速度脉冲阶段动力响应最为强烈，右侧斜坡的加速度放大系数最大值可达左侧斜坡的1.57倍，累积位移更是高达左侧的2倍；脉冲型地震动普遍存在方向性强度非对称，是导致地震滑坡出现显著坡向效应的动力机制；振幅类指标峰值地面速度PGV（peak ground velocity）与斜坡累积位移之间的相关性r最高（r =0.82），远高于峰值地面加速度PGA（peak ground acceleration）、阿里亚斯强度Ia（Arias intensity）、比能量密度SED（specific energy density）、速度-加速度比V/A（velocity-to-acceleration ratio）等指标，是表征脉冲型地震动方向性强度差异及其对不同坡向斜坡稳定性影响最为准确的地震动强度指标。研究成果可为脉冲型地震动作用下斜坡稳定性分析和地震滑坡危险性评价提供科学支撑。

关键词: 脉冲型地震动, UDEC, 动力响应, 坡向效应, 地震动强度指标

Abstract:

Near-fault pulse-like ground motions are characterized by long periods, large amplitudes, and high energy release, exhibiting significantly higher destructive power than conventional ground motions. However, the dynamic response characteristics and failure mechanisms of slopes subjected to pulse-like ground motions remain unclear. Based on the universal distinct element code (UDEC), a generalized model of opposing rock slopes in a valley was established, and the dynamic response characteristics of rock slopes under pulse-like ground motions were systematically analyzed. Additionally, the relationship between the directional asymmetry in pulse-like ground motion intensity and the aspect effects of earthquake-induced landslides was investigated. The results indicate that, under typical pulse-like ground motions, the dynamic response of the opposing rock slopes in the valley is strongest during the velocity pulse phase. The maximum acceleration amplification factor on the right slope reaches 1.57 times that of the left slope, with the cumulative displacement being as much as twice that of the left slope. Pulse-like ground motions generally exhibit pronounced directional asymmetry in intensity, which is a key dynamic mechanism leading to significant aspect effects of earthquake-induced landslides. The amplitude-based index, peak ground velocity (PGV), demonstrates the highest correlation coefficient (r=0.82) with cumulative slope displacement, significantly surpassing other indexes such as peak ground acceleration (PGA), Arias intensity (Ia), specific energy density (SED), velocity-to-acceleration ratio (V/A). It is the most accurate ground motion intensity index for characterizing the directional intensity differences of pulse-like ground motions and their impacts on the stability of slopes with different orientations. The research outcomes offer scientific underpinning for analyzing slope stability and assessing seismic landslide hazards under the influence of pulse-like ground motions.

Key words: pulse-like ground motions, UDEC, dynamic response, aspect effect, ground motion intensity measures

中图分类号: TU 411
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