断层破碎带突水突泥演化特征试验研究

doi:10.16285/j.rsm.2019.1527

岩土力学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1911-1922.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2019.1527

断层破碎带突水突泥演化特征试验研究

张庆艳^{1, 2}，陈卫忠^{1, 3}，袁敬强¹，刘奇^{1, 2}，荣驰^{1, 2}

1. 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点试验室，湖北武汉 430071； 2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049；3. 山东大学岩土与结构工程研究中心，山东济南 250061

收稿日期:2019-09-04 修回日期:2019-11-25 出版日期:2020-06-11 发布日期:2020-08-02
作者简介:张庆艳，男，1990年生，博士研究生，主要从事隧道突水突泥灾害方面的研究工作。
基金资助:
湖北省创新群体研究项目（No.2018CFA012）；国家自然科学基金面上基金项目（No.51879258）。

Experimental study on evolution characteristics of water and mud inrush in fault fractured zone

ZHANG Qing-yan^{1, 2}, CHEN Wei-zhong^{1, 3}, YUAN Jing-qiang¹, LIU-Qi^{1, 2}, RONG Chi^{1, 2}

1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China

Received:2019-09-04 Revised:2019-11-25 Online:2020-06-11 Published:2020-08-02
Contact: 袁敬强，男，1985年生，博士，助理研究员，主要从事隧道突水突泥灾害与注浆机制方面的研究工作。E-mail: jqyuan@whrsm.ac.cn E-mail: zhangqingyan1990@126.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Research Project on Innovation Groups in Hubei Province (2018CFA012) and the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (51879258).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究富水断层破碎带隧道突水突泥灾害演化机制，自行研制了一套可考虑质量迁移及地应力状态的大型室内突水突泥试验系统。利用该装置开展了不同水压加载方式、不同破碎带介质参数等条件的断层破碎带突水突泥灾害演化过程模拟试验。结果表明：（1）断层破碎带突水突泥灾害演化是渗流?侵蚀强耦合过程，在水压作用下，破碎带介质中的细颗粒首先发生迁移，导致充填介质孔隙结构增加，进而加速细颗粒流失，促使涌水率不断增长，随着细颗粒不断迁移流失，水流流态由层流转换为紊流，最终诱发突水突泥灾害；（2）破碎带介质初始孔隙率和施加水压越大越易诱发突水突泥，介质渗流演化特征越明显，渗流场参量如渗透率、孔隙率、雷诺数增加越快，且渗流场参量演化曲线出现突增现象；（3）梯度水压加载模式下断层破碎带介质较恒定水压加载条件下突水突泥演化特征更明显，介质发生突水突泥的临界水压更小。在此基础上，基于涌水率?时间（Q-t）、水力梯度?涌水率（i-Q）关系的流态转换分析和基于渗透率?水力梯度（k-i）关系的渗透性演化特征，建立了断层破碎带渗透演化特征概化模型。该研究结果对于断层破碎带突水突泥灾害演化机制与防治措施具有一定的理论指导价值。

关键词: 断层破碎带, 试验研究, 突水突泥, 渗透演化特征

Abstract: To investigate the mechanism of water and mud inrush in water-rich fault fracture zone, a large-scale indoor water and mud inrush test system considering mass transfer and crustal stress state is developed. The simulation test of water and mud inrush disaster evolution process in fault fracture zone under different hydraulic loading modes and medium parameters of fracture zone are carried out by using the device. Some findings are as follows. 1) Evolution of water and mud inrush disaster in fault fractured zones is a strong coupling process of seepage and erosion. Fine particles in the filling of fracture zones first migrate under the water pressure. With the continuous migration and loss of fine particles, the flow pattern changes from laminar flow to turbulent flow, which eventually leads to water and mud inrush disaster. 2) The larger initial porosity of filling in fractured zone and the higher of applied water pressure will induce the water inrush more easily. As a result, the evolution characteristics of seepage exhibit more obvious in the test, the increase of seepage field parameters such as permeability, porosity and Reynolds number are much faster, and the seepage field parameter evolution curves suddenly increase. 3) The evolution characteristics of water and mud inrush are more obvious under gradient loading than under constant water pressure loading condition, and the critical water pressure of water and mud inrush from filling is smaller. A generalized model of permeability evolution characteristics of fault is established with analysis of fluid state conversion on the relationship between water inflow rate and time (Q-t), the relationship between hydraulic gradient and water inflow rate (i-Q), and the evolution characteristics of permeability on the relationship between permeability and hydraulic gradient (k-i). The results provide guidance for evolution mechanism and prevention measures of water and mud inrush disaster in fault fractured zone.

Key words: fault fracture zone, experimental study, water and mud inrush, characteristics of seepage evolution

中图分类号: TU456

张庆艳, 陈卫忠, 袁敬强, 刘奇, 荣驰, . 断层破碎带突水突泥演化特征试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(6): 1911-1922.

ZHANG Qing-yan, CHEN Wei-zhong, YUAN Jing-qiang, LIU-Qi, RONG Chi, . Experimental study on evolution characteristics of water and mud inrush in fault fractured zone[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(6): 1911-1922.

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断层破碎带突水突泥演化特征试验研究

Experimental study on evolution characteristics of water and mud inrush in fault fractured zone

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