Rock and Soil Mechanics ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 3931-3945.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2025.1221

• Geotechnical Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Multi-index resilience evaluation method for tunnel invert structures considering time-dependent characteristics of surrounding rock

TIAN Hong-ming1, 2, CAO Hao-wen1, 2, CHEN Ming-hao3, GAO Yang4, LIU Jin5, FENG Tao3, SHU Xiao-yun1, 2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China; 4. Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050043, China; 5. Xinjiang Shuifa Construction Group Co., Ltd., Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
  • Received:2025-11-13 Accepted:2026-03-04 Online:2026-11-09 Published:2026-11-07
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42293355, 42572379), the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei (2025AFA103) and the Natural Science Foundation of Xizang Autonomous Region (XZ202401ZR0083).

PDF (Chinese)

3

Abstract: Time-dependent deformation of surrounding rock in soft rock tunnels is prone to induce distresses such as floor heave and structural cracking, posing a severe threat to driving safety. The resilience evaluation of support structures holds great significance for the prevention and control of distresses in soft rock tunnels during the operation period. However, existing resilience evaluation methods are mostly oriented towards sudden disasters and are difficult to apply to the resilience assessment of soft rock tunnels under the action of long-term time-dependent deformation. To address this issue, this study first analyzes the characteristics of time-dependent deformation distresses in soft rock tunnels, establishes a corresponding performance evaluation index system for support structures, proposes a multi-index evaluation method for structural performance based on the improved criteria importance through intercriteria correlation objective weighting method, and constructs a resilience calculation method for support structures under the action of time-dependent deformation. The proposed resilience evaluation method for time-dependent distresses is applied to the analysis of floor heave distress in a typical soft rock tunnel. The results indicate that the disaster resilience of tunnel floor heave distress decreases continuously with the increase of time-dependent deformation, and the decreasing rate slows down gradually over time, with a variation trend similar to that of time-dependent deformation. The influence weight of longitudinal smoothness of track on the disaster resilience of floor heave distress approaches 80%, serving as the primary controlling factor, while the influence weight of the stress state of the support structure is merely 1.4%. Therefore, in the resilience evaluation of floor heave distress, priority should be given to the deformation monitoring of support structures, and the stress monitoring of structures can be appropriately reduced to lower the monitoring cost.

Key words: soft rock tunnel, floor heave, resilience evaluation, time-dependent deformation

CLC Number: 

  • TU 435
[1] WU Kui1, XING Chen-zhe1, QIN Su2, ZHAO Nan-nan1. Comparison of mechanical responses of soft rock tunnels with large deformation under strong/yielding supports [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2026, 47(6): 2117-2130.
[2] WU Kui, WANG Zi-yan, XU Chen, YANG Yue-zong, ZHAO Nan-nan. Analysis of time-dependent mechanical behaviour of soft rock tunnels with large deformation considering buffer layer influence [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2026, 47(1): 183-197.
[3] LIANG Qing-guo, LI Jing, ZHANG Chong-hui, LIU Tong-tong, SUN Zhi-tao, . Mechanical response of tunnel lining in loess-mudstone composite strata under uniform expansion of foundation [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2025, 46(6): 1811-1824.
[4] HUA Xin-zhu, LI Chen, LIU Xiao, YANG Peng, CHEN Deng-hong, QI Ya-bao, . Floor heave mechanism of roadway retention with roof cutting in deep mines and its prevention and control [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2025, 46(3): 955-968.
[5] SHU Xiao-yun, TIAN Hong-ming, CHEN Wei-zhong, ZHU Zhen-de, YANG Fan, TIAN Yun, ZHANG Chao-xuan, ZHANG Tao, . Optimization of design parameters for support scheme of a high compression cushioning layer in a diversion tunnel [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2024, 45(10): 3117-3129.
[6] DENG Peng-hai, LIU Quan-sheng, HUANG Xing, . Progressive fracture and swelling deformation of tunnel floor: a new floor heave mechanism [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2023, 44(5): 1512-1529.
[7] LI Shuang-long, WEI Li-min, FENG Sheng-yang, HE Qun, ZHANG Kai-xin, . Time-dependent interactions between passive piles and soft soils based on the extended Koppejan model [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2022, 43(9): 2602-2614.
[8] LEI Sheng-xiang , ZHAO Wei. Study on mechanism of circumferential yielding support for soft rock tunnel with large deformation [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(3): 1039-1047.
[9] CHEN Wei-zhong, TIAN Yun, WANG Xue-hai, TIAN Hong-ming, CAO Huai-xuan, XIE Hua-dong, . Squeezing prediction of tunnel in soft rocks based on modified [BQ] [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40(8): 3125-3134.
[10] YANG Peng, HUA Xin-zhu, LIU Qin-jie, YANG Ming, CHENG Shi-xing, WU Biao，. Experimental study of dynamic evolution characteristic of floor fractal dimension of gob-side entry retaining with large section in deep mine [J]. , 2017, 38(S1): 351-358.
[11] LIU Quan-sheng , HUANG Shi-bing , CUI Xian-ze , GONG Guang-qing , CHEN Gen-sheng,. Control measures and monitoring analysis for floor heave of the chamber in deep coal mine [J]. , 2015, 36(12): 3506-3515.
[12] ZHU Cai-hui, LI Ning. Post-construction settlement analysis of loess-high filling based on time-dependent deformation experiments [J]. , 2015, 36(10): 3023-3031.
[13] LIU Quan-sheng ，XIAO Hu ，LU Xing-li ，CUI Wen-tai . Research on floor heave characteristics of broken soft rocks with high geostress and its comprehensive control measures [J]. , 2012, 33(6): 1703-1710.
[14] HE Ben-guo , ZHANG Zhi-qiang , HE Chuan , WANG Jun-qi . Study of stability of two-lane soft rock tunnel for high-speed passenger railway in tectonic geo-stress [J]. , 2012, 33(5): 1535-1541.
[15] SUN Feng, FENG Xia-ting, ZHANG Chuan-qing, ZHOU Hui, QIU Shi-li. Stability estimation method of greenschist tunnel based on increasing-decreasing energy method [J]. , 2012, 33(2): 467-475.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Copyright © Rock and Soil Mechanics, All Rights Reserved.
Tel: 027-87198484　E-mail: ytlx@whrsm.ac.cn
Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd