›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 19-25.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2017.01.003

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

莫高窟壁画裂隙萌生特性试验研究

杜建国1,郭士旭1,陈 沛2,郭青林3,陈晋央1,余尚江1   

  1. 1. 总参工程兵科研三所,河南 洛阳,471023;2. 中国船舶重工集团公司 第七二五研究所,河南 洛阳,471023;3. 敦煌研究院,甘肃 敦煌 736200
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-18 出版日期:2017-01-11 发布日期:2018-06-05
  • 作者简介:杜建国,男,1980年生,博士,副研究员,主要从事结构振动与安全保护等方面的研究工作。
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技支撑计划课题(No. 2013BAK01B01)

Experimental study of crack initiation in wall-paintings of Mogao Grottoes

DU Jian-guo1, GUO Shi-xu1, CHEN Pei2, GUO Qing-lin3, CHEN Jin-yang1, YU Shang-jiang1   

  1. 1. The Third Engineer Scientific Research Institute of the Headquarters of the General Staff, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China; 2. Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China; 3. Dunhuang Academy, Dunhuang, Gansu 736200, China
  • Received:2015-01-18 Online:2017-01-11 Published:2018-06-05
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2013BAK01B01).

摘要: 敦煌莫高窟壁画长期受到外界微振动环境的影响,部分出现了裂隙病害,为此有必要深入开展壁画裂隙萌生特性的研究,为壁画的保护和修复工作提供科学依据和技术支持。针对莫高窟壁画地仗试件开展了四点弯曲抗拉试验,并利用数字图像相关技术实时测量了试件表面的全场应变变化与分布情况,分析了地仗在承受拉力破坏时裂隙萌生特性,给出了壁画所能承受的极限应变。同时,研究了试件缺陷、加载方式、疲劳次数等对试件的承载力与极限应变的影响。研究发现,莫高窟壁画裂隙萌生甚至一定程度的扩展并不会影响洞壁结构的承载力;壁画地仗的固有缺陷会导致壁画在缺陷处及其附近出现裂隙病害的风险加大;壁画地仗中添加的麻等纤维使其具有非常好的塑性和抗疲劳性能,只要在疲劳极限内就不会萌生裂隙。为了避免壁画产生裂隙病害,壁画地仗的最大正应变要严格控制在0.40%以内。

关键词: 壁画地仗, 裂隙萌生, 抗拉试验, 微振动环境

Abstract: The wall-paintings of Mogao Grottoes have suffered from cracks initiated under the influence of external micro-vibration environment for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanism of crack initiation in the wall-paintings, which provides scientific basis and technical support for the wall-paintings protection and repair. Tensile strength is obtained by experiments of four-point bending on the plaster ground of the wall-paintings. Digital image correlation technique is used to measure the strain variation and distribution in real time. Besides, the crack initiation on the plaster ground is analyzed when tensile damage occurrs to obtain the strain limit of the wall-paintings. Moreover, the influences of initial flaw, loading method and fatigue cycle number on the bearing capacity and the strain limit of the specimen are studied. The results show that the initiation of cracks and even their development to some extent will not affect the bearing capacity of the grottoes wall structure. The initial flaw of the plaster ground can increase the risk of cracking around the flaw. Fibers such as hemp improve the plaster ground with better plasticity and durability, and reduce cracks within the fatigue limit. In order to avoid crack occurrence, maximum normal strain of the plaster ground should be strictly controlled less than 0.40%.

Key words: plaster ground of wall-paintings, initiation of crack, tensile strength experiment, micro vibration environment

中图分类号: 

  • TU 472.3+4

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[3] 姜 啸 ,张虎元 ,严耿升 ,王锦芳,. 湿度对盐溶液在壁画地仗中的毛细迁移影响研究[J]. , 2014, 299(2): 459-465.
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