水泥和岩石性质对红层软岩浆−岩界面剪切力学行为的影响

doi:10.16285/j.rsm.2025.00237

岩土力学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 912-928.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2025.00237CSTR: 32223.14.j.rsm.2025.00237

水泥和岩石性质对红层软岩浆−岩界面剪切力学行为的影响

舒晓云^{1, 2}，田洪铭^{1, 2}，朱珍德¹，许建述³，邱鑫²，王庆勇³，徐智超¹，李运发²

1. 河海大学土木与交通学院，江苏南京 210024； 2. 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室，湖北武汉 430071； 3. 新疆水发建设集团有限公司，新疆乌鲁木齐 830099

收稿日期:2025-04-29 接受日期:2025-09-12 出版日期:2026-03-17 发布日期:2026-03-19
通讯作者: 田洪铭，男，1985年生，博士，研究员，主要从事软岩挤压大变形与隧道长期锚固支护等方面的研究。E-mail: hmtian@whrsm.ac.cn
作者简介:舒晓云，男，1997年生，博士研究生，主要从事软岩大变形锚固支护及让压支护等方面的研究。E-mail: shuxiaoyun211@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重大项目（No.42293355）；国家自然科学基金（No.U2340229，No.42207199）；国家重点研发计划（No.2024YFF0508203）；湖北省自然科学基金（青年A类）（No.2025AFA103）；西藏自治区重点自然科学基金项目（No.XZ202401ZR0083）；浙江省自然科学基金（No.ZCLMS25D0201）。

Shear behavior of red-bed soft rock-grout interface: effect of grout and rock properties

SHU Xiao-yun^{1, 2}, TIAN Hong-ming^{1, 2}, ZHU Zhen-de¹, XU Jian-shu³, QIU Xin², WANG Qing-yong³, XU Zhi-chao¹, LI Yun-fa²

1. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210024, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 3. Xinjiang Shuifa Construction Group Co., Lid., Urumqi, Xinjiang 830099, China

Received:2025-04-29 Accepted:2025-09-12 Online:2026-03-17 Published:2026-03-19
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Major Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (42293355), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2340229, 42207199), the National Key R&D Program of China (2024YFF0508203), the Key Projects of the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (Qing A) (2025AFA103), the Natural Science Foundation of Xizang Autonomous Region (XZ202401ZR0083) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (ZCLMS25D0201).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 红层软岩隧道经常会发生锚固失效的问题，提高红层软岩浆−岩界面的力学性能对保证锚固支护的稳定性意义重大。通过室内直剪试验，研究了3种典型红层软岩（红砂岩、泥岩、青砂岩）与普通硅酸盐水泥（ordinary Portland cement，简称OPC）和早高强水泥（early high-strength cement，简称EHC）在不同养护龄期（6 h、1 d、2 d、7 d）下的浆−岩界面力学性能（峰值抗剪强度p、残余抗剪强度r和剪切刚度ks），并采用数字图像处理技术（digital image correlation，简称DIC）分析了不同条件下浆−岩界面的破坏特征。结果表明：（1）相同浆液类型和龄期下，浆−岩界面p和r满足：红砂岩>泥岩>青砂岩。随着法向应力的增加，界面p和ks均逐渐增加，其中红砂岩对法向应力最敏感，泥岩次之，青砂岩最弱。红砂岩、泥岩和青砂岩与EHC的浆−岩界面在2 d时的黏聚力分别为2.4、0.9、1.2 MPa，内摩擦角分别为57.6º，38.0º和27.0º。（2）相同岩石条件下，浆−岩界面p和ks随着龄期的增加呈非线性增加。相比于OPC，EHC与红砂岩的黏结效果更好，在6 h时的p便可达7.9 MPa，2 d时的p即可达到7 d的90%以上。（3）不同岩石和浆液性质条件下的浆−岩界面破坏特征差异明显，OPC黏结的浆−岩界面主要发生浆液层的剪切破坏，EHC与红砂岩和泥岩黏结时主要发生岩石层的剪切破坏，与青砂岩黏结时主要发生界面的脱黏破坏。（4）提出了一种红层软岩浆−岩界面抗剪强度经验模型，并确定了红砂岩、泥岩、青砂岩的模型参数，为快速合理的评估红层软岩隧道锚固力提供了支持。

关键词: 红层软岩, 浆?岩界面, 剪切行为, 浆液临期, DIC

Abstract: Soft rock tunnels in red beds frequently encounter anchor failure issues. Improving the mechanical properties of the red-bed soft rock-grout interface is highly significant for ensuring the stability of anchor support. This study employs laboratory direct shear tests in combination with digital image correlation (DIC) technology to investigate the mechanical properties (peak shear strength p, residual shear strength r, and shear stiffness ks) of the grout-rock interface (GRI) among three typical soft rocks from red beds (red sandstone, mudstone, and grey sandstone) and two grout materials (ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and early high-strength cement (EHC)) under varying curing periods (6 h, 1 d, 2 d, and 7 d). The shear behavior and DIC-based failure mode are analyzed for red beds GRIs. The following key findings were observed: (1) As normal stress increases, both the shear strength (p) and shear stiffness (ks) of the GRI also increase, following the trend: red sandstone > mudstone > grey sandstone. The cohesion values of the red sandstone, mudstone, and green sandstone with the EHC grout-rock interface at 2 days are 2.4, 0.9, and 1.2 MPa, respectively. The corresponding internal friction angles are 57.6°, 38.0°, and 27.0°, respectively. (2) With an increase in curing age, both p and ks at the GRI increase non-linearly. EHC exhibited superior bonding performance compared to OPC, with p reaching 7.9 MPa at 6 h and 90% of the 7-day p being achieved at 2 d in red sandstone conditions. (3) The OPC-bonded specimens primarily exhibit grout failure near the GRI, whereas the EHC-bonded specimens show rock failure in red sandstone and mudstone conditions, and adhesive failure at the interface in grey sandstone. (4) An empirical model for the shear strength of the GRI in red bed soft rocks is proposed and validated, providing a framework for the rapid and reliable evaluation of anchorage strength in red bed soft rock tunnels.

Key words: red-bed soft rocks, grout-rock interface, shear behavior, curing time, DIC

中图分类号: TU452

舒晓云, 田洪铭, 朱珍德, 许建述, 邱鑫, 王庆勇, 徐智超, 李运发. 水泥和岩石性质对红层软岩浆−岩界面剪切力学行为的影响[J]. 岩土力学, 2026, 47(3): 912-928.

SHU Xiao-yun, TIAN Hong-ming, ZHU Zhen-de, XU Jian-shu, QIU Xin, WANG Qing-yong, XU Zhi-chao, LI Yun-fa. Shear behavior of red-bed soft rock-grout interface: effect of grout and rock properties[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2026, 47(3): 912-928.

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水泥和岩石性质对红层软岩浆−岩界面剪切力学行为的影响

Shear behavior of red-bed soft rock-grout interface: effect of grout and rock properties

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