岩土力学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 1323-1339.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2025.1184CSTR: 32223.14.j.rsm.2025.1184

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

盾构隧道防水密封垫材料超-黏弹性老化模型及其应用

王宇轩1, 2,杨建平1,曾志华3,叶苇1, 2,陈卫忠1,尹利强3   

  1. 1.中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 岩土力学与工程安全全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430071; 2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049;3.国家管网集团工程技术创新有限公司,天津 300457
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-03 接受日期:2026-01-28 出版日期:2026-04-13 发布日期:2026-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 杨建平,男,1982年生,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事地下工程方面的研究工作。E-mail: jpyang@whrsm.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:王宇轩,男,1993年生,博士研究生,主要从事盾构隧道管片接缝橡胶密封垫防水性能的研究工作。 E-mail: wangyuxuan201@mails.ucas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(No.2024YFF0508203)。

A hyper-viscoelastic aging model of waterproof sealing gasket material for shield tunnel and its application

WANG Yu-xuan1, 2, YANG Jian-ping1, ZENG Zhi-hua3, YE Wei1, 2, CHEN Wei-zhong1, YIN Li-qiang3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3. PipeChina Engineering Technology Innovation Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China
  • Received:2025-11-03 Accepted:2026-01-28 Online:2026-04-13 Published:2026-04-16
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2024YFF0508203).

摘要: 运营期盾构隧道管片接缝橡胶防水密封垫的老化会导致应力松弛,并造成密封垫防水性能衰减。目前的橡胶老化模型无法评估防水密封垫在非均匀压缩条件下的长期应力松弛,通过理论方法建立了橡胶材料在不同温度和应变下长期应力松弛的超-黏弹性老化模型,并在有限元模型中进行了数值实现。进一步开展了密封垫老化试验和防水试验,试验结果显示,密封垫试样在接缝张开量6 mm、错台0 mm以及70 ℃条件下老化3 d后的防水性能相比未老化密封垫试样下降约73%。基于老化模型的数值仿真获得的结果与密封垫应力松弛试验结果和老化密封垫防水性能试验结果吻合较好,验证了超-黏弹性老化模型在盾构隧道管片接缝密封垫构件长期力学性能及防水性能评价中的适用性,数值实现后的老化模型评估结果显示密封垫在70 ℃、接缝张开量5 mm工况老化3 d对应25 ℃、接缝张开量5 mm工况服役91年。最后,通过建立的老化模型对武汉两湖隧道南湖段防水密封垫的长期防水性能进行了分析,设计密封垫在接缝张开量小于7 mm时,在25 ℃环境中服役100年后的防水性能可以达到0.8 MPa,满足长期防水要求。

关键词: 盾构隧道, 防水密封垫, 老化, 应力松弛, 超-黏弹性老化模型

Abstract: The aging of EPDM sealing gasket for shield tunnel segment joints during operation will lead to stress relaxation and attenuation of waterproof performance. The current rubber aging model cannot evaluate the long-term stress relaxation of waterproof gasket under non-uniform compression. In this paper, a hyper-viscoelastic aging model of long-term stress relaxation of rubber at different temperatures and strain levels is established by theoretical method, and numerical implementation is carried out in the ABAQUS. The aging test and waterproof test of sealing gasket are further carried out, showing that the waterproof performance of the waterproof gasket aging for 3 days under the condition that joint opening 6 mm, no dislocation and 70 °C is about 27% of the unaged gasket.The results obtained from numerical simulations based on the aging model align well with the stress relaxation test results of sealing gaskets and the waterproof performance test results of aged sealing gaskets, verifying the applicability of the super-viscoelastic aging model in evaluating the long-term mechanical and waterproof performance of sealing gasket components in shield tunnel segment joints. The evaluation results of the aging model after numerical implementation indicate that the sealing gasket, after being aged for 3 days under the condition of 70℃ and a joint opening of 5 mm, corresponds to a service life of 91 years under the condition of 25℃ and a joint opening of 5 mm. Finally, the long-term waterproof performance of gasket in Nanhu Tunnel is analyzed, showing that the waterproof performance can reach 0.8 MPa after 100 years of service in 25 ℃ when joint opening is smaller than 7 mm, which meets design requirement.

Key words: shield tunnel, waterproof sealing gasket, aging, stress relaxation, hyper-viscoelastic aging model

中图分类号: U 457
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