岩土力学 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (S1): 359-370.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2023.1820

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

软岩筑坝颗粒的破碎特性试验研究

胡锦方1, 2，杨启贵1, 2, 3，熊堃4, 5，马刚1, 2, 6， 程家林2, 6，周伟1, 2, 6，常晓林1, 2, 6   

  1. 1. 武汉大学 水工程科学研究院，湖北 武汉 430072；2. 武汉大学 水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430072；3. 长江设计集团有限公司，湖北 武汉 430010；4. 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司，湖北 武汉 430010；5. 国家大坝安全工程技术研究中心，湖北 武汉 430010；6. 武汉大学 水工岩石力学教育部重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430072
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-30 接受日期:2024-01-09 出版日期:2024-09-18 发布日期:2024-09-20
  • 作者简介:胡锦方，男，1998年生，博士研究生，主要从事软岩颗粒破碎特性方面的研究。E-mail: hujinfang@whu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（No.2022YFC3005503）；国家自然科学基金（No.52322907，No.52179141，No.U23B20149）；湖北省自然科学基金（No.2022CFD030）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（No.2042023kfyq03）。

Experimental study on crushing characteristics of soft rock damming particles

HU Jin-fang1, 2, YANG Qi-gui1, 2, 3, XIONG Kun4, 5, MA Gang1, 2, 6, CHENG Jia-lin2, 6, ZHOU Wei1, 2, 6, CHANG Xiao-lin1, 2, 6   

  1. 1. Institute of Water Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China; 3. Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China; 4. Changjiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Company Limited, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China; 5. National Dam Safety Research Center, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China; 6. Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
  • Received:2023-11-30 Accepted:2024-01-09 Online:2024-09-18 Published:2024-09-20
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC3005503), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52322907, 52179141, U23B20149), the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province, China (2022CFD030) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2042023kfyq03).

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摘要： 部分抽水蓄能电站大坝使用软岩作为坝体填筑料。在开采、填筑和碾压过程中软岩容易发生破碎，颗粒级配和填充关系发生变化，对筑坝料强度和变形特性有较大影响。目前，对软岩筑坝料的颗粒破碎特性的研究还不够充分，与硬岩筑坝料颗粒破碎特性的差异认识还不够全面。对取自某抽水蓄能电站的软岩筑坝料进行了颗粒筛分、颗粒扫描和颗粒破碎试验，比较了软岩与硬岩颗粒破碎模式、分形维数、破碎强度和尺寸效应的差异，分析了颗粒形状和粒径对软岩颗粒破碎模式和破碎强度的影响，量化了软岩颗粒形状与破碎强度的关系。结果表明：软岩颗粒的破碎模式可分为粉碎式、分裂式和混合式3种，其中粉碎式为软岩和低强度硬岩颗粒特有的破碎模式；软岩颗粒破碎产生的碎片尺寸与碎片个数服从分形分布，分形维数为2.198，与灰岩、玄武岩和砂岩相近，略低于大理岩、石灰岩，软岩颗粒破碎表面会产生更多的细小碎片；软岩颗粒的破碎强度显著低于硬岩颗粒，平均Weibull模数为1.48，也低于大多数硬岩颗粒，其破碎强度的尺寸效应和离散性更强；软岩颗粒的破碎模式主要取决于颗粒形状，破碎强度主要取决于颗粒粒径，形状与破碎强度的关系可用所提出的公式定量描述。

关键词: 软岩, 颗粒形状, 破碎模式, 分形维数, Weibull统计

Abstract: Soft rock, easily broken during mining, filling, and rolling, is used as dam filling material in some pumped storage power plants. The relationship between filling and particle composition varies, greatly affecting the strength and deformation characteristics of dam materials. Currently, research on the particle breaking characteristics of soft rock damming materials is lacking, as is the differentiation from hard rock damming materials. This paper performs particle screening, scanning, and crushing studies on soft rock damming material from a pumped storage power station. The particle crushing mode, fractal dimension, crushing strength, and size effect differences between soft and hard rock are compared. The influence of particle shape and size on particle crushing mode and crushing strength of soft rock is investigated, and the relationship between particle shape and crushing strength of soft rock is quantified. The results show that the crushing mode of soft rock particles can be classified as crushing, splitting, or mixed. For hard rock particles with low strength and soft rock, the crushing mode is unique. The fractal dimension of 2.198 for soft rock is much smaller than marble and limestone, yet it is comparable to limestone, basalt, and sandstone. More tiny pieces form on the surface during soft rock particle disintegration. The crushing strength of soft rock particles is much lower than that of hard rock particles, with an average Weibull modulus of 1.48, also lower than most hard rock particles. The size effect and dispersion of the crushing strength of soft rock particles are stronger. The crushing modes of soft rock particles are mainly affected by particle shape, while the crushing strength is mainly affected by particle size. The formula proposed in this paper describes the quantitative relationship between particle shape and crushing strength.

Key words: soft rock, particle shape, crushing mode, fractal dimension, Weibull statistics

中图分类号: TV641
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