岩土力学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 3987-3995.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2020.0453

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

高渗透压脆性岩石蠕变宏−细观力学模型研究

李晓照1, 2，班力壬1, 2，戚承志1, 2   

  1. 1. 北京建筑大学 土木与交通工程学院，北京 100044；2. 北京建筑大学 北京未来城市设计高精尖创新中心，北京 100044）
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-17 修回日期:2020-07-06 出版日期:2020-12-11 发布日期:2021-01-18
  • 作者简介:李晓照，男，1987年生，博士，副教授，主要从事岩石力学与地下工程方面研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（No.51708016，No.51774018）；北京市教委科研项目（No.KM202110016014）；北京建筑大学金字塔人才培养工程（No. JDYC20200307）。

Study on the mechanical model of macro-mecro creep under high seepage pressure in brittle rocks

LI Xiao-zhao1, 2, BAN Li-ren1, 2, QI Cheng-zhi1, 2   

  1. 1. School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China; 2. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
  • Received:2020-04-17 Revised:2020-07-06 Online:2020-12-11 Published:2021-01-18
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51708016, 51774018), the Research Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM202110016014) and the Pyramid Talent Training Project of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture(JDYC20200307).

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摘要： 高渗透压对深部地下工程脆性岩石蠕变力学特性有着重要影响。然而，能够解释高渗透压作用脆性岩石完整减速、稳态及加速三级蠕变过程中，细观裂纹扩展与宏观变形关系的宏细观力学模型研究很少。基于考虑含有初始裂纹与新生成翼型裂纹影响的裂纹尖端应力强度模型，引入渗透水压与初始裂纹及新生成翼型裂纹之间的力学关系，建立了考虑渗透水压作用的裂纹尖端应力强度模型；然后结合亚临界裂纹扩展法则，与裂纹及应变损伤关系模型，推出了考虑渗透水压影响的脆性岩石蠕变裂纹扩展与宏观变形关系的宏细观力学模型。当施加轴向应力小于岩石裂纹启裂应力时，岩石近似表现为线弹性变形；当施加轴向应力大于裂纹启裂应力且小于岩石峰值强度，岩石表现为塑性蠕变变形。研究了不同渗透压作用下，分级轴向应力加载岩石蠕变应变时间演化曲线，并通过试验结果验证了模型的合理性。分别讨论了恒定渗透压与分级渗透压，对脆性岩石蠕变过程中裂纹长度、裂纹扩展速率、轴向应变及轴向应变率的影响。该模型为高渗透压深部地下工程围岩稳定性评价提供了重要理论依据。

关键词: 脆性岩石, 蠕变, 高渗透水压, 裂纹扩展, 宏细观模型

Abstract: High seepage pressure has a great significance on creep behaviors of brittle rocks under deep underground engineering. However, the macro-mecro relationship between mecrocrack growth and macroscopic deformation under high seepage pressure during the decelerated, steady-state, accelerated creep has been rarely studied. In this study, based on the stress intensity model of crack tips with the influence of initial cracks and new wing cracks, the mechanical relationship between seepage pressure and initial cracks and new wing cracks is introduced, and the stress intensity model model of crack tips considering seepage pressure is established. Then combined with the subcritical crack law and crack-strain damage model, a macro-mecro mechanical model is proposed to explain the relationship between creep crack growth and macroscopic deformation of brittle rock considering the influence of seepage pressure. The rock behaves elasticity when the applied axial stress is smaller than the crack initiation stress, while behaves plasticity when the axial stress exceeds the crack initiation stress but is less than the rock peak strength. The theoretical creep curves subjected to step axial loading are studied under different seepage pressures, and the rationality of the proposed model is verified by experimental results. Furthermore, the creep evolution of crack length, crack growth velocity, axial strain, and axial strain rate under constant or step loading seepage pressure are discussed. The new model provides a significant theoretical basis for the evaluation of the stability of surrounding rocks in deep underground engineering under high seepage pressure.

Key words: brittle rocks, creep, high seepage pressure, crack propagation, macro-mecro model

中图分类号: TU452
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