关键词: 拉拔试验, 动载拉拔, 锚杆单元, 端锚锚杆, 黏结式锚杆, 非均匀受力

Abstract: To make the calculation and numerical simulation of bolting engineering design more reasonable, both the conventional static and dynamic drawing load tests are conducted on bonding bolt with end anchorage. The stress characteristics of the anchor bolt are analyzed under static and dynamic loading conditions, and then a mechanical calculation model is put forward. With combination of calculation results of test and mechanical model, the calculation precision and the amount of calculation are compared between multiple numbers of two nodes pole element and less number of higher order pole element. Experimental results show that the distribution of axial stress of bonded anchor bolt is triangular under static loading; while it is negative exponent under dynamic loading. Further stress analysis shows that: sticky anchor force can be regarded as uniform distribution under static loading, but it can be simplified as a triangle distribution under dynamic loading. By comparing experimental results with theoretical results, it is found that the higher order pole element can concisely reflect the non-uniform stress distribution of anchor bolt under static and dynamic loadings, and can effectively reduce the element numbers, node numbers, and the amount of calculation greatly, meanwhile improve the calculation accuracy. It has obvious advantages than multiple number of two nodes pole element. Static and dynamic loading testing results and theoretical results provide a reference and basis for the design calculation and numerical simulation of anchor bolt support engineering.

Key words: pullout test, dynamic loading pullout, anchor element, end anchorage, bonded bolt anchor, non-uniform stress