岩土力学 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1789-1802.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2023.0959

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于变形的降雨后地震基覆型边坡劣化特性与机制研究

何梓雷1, 2，蒋关鲁1, 2，冯海洲1, 2，陈虹羽1, 2，郭玉丰1, 2，何晓龙1, 2，李杰3   

  1. 1. 西南交通大学 土木工程学院，四川 成都 610031；2. 西南交通大学 高速铁路线路工程教育部重点实验室，四川 成都 610031； 3. 中铁十八局集团有限公司，天津 300222
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-01 接受日期:2023-11-30 出版日期:2024-06-19 发布日期:2024-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 蒋关鲁，男，1962年生，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事路基工程方面的研究工作。E-mail: wgljiang@swjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:何梓雷，男，1998年生，博士研究生，主要从事边坡稳定性评估和支挡结构抗震加固设计研究。E-mail: zilei@my.swjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”重点专项（No.2022YFE0104600）；国家自然科学基金（No.52378463）；中铁十八局集团科研项目（No.2019H010504）。

Investigation of deterioration characteristics and mechanisms of bedrock and overburden layer slope under seismic conditions after rainfall based on deformation

HE Zi-lei1, 2, JIANG Guan-lu1, 2, FENG Hai-zhou1, 2, CHEN Hong-yu1, 2, GUO Yu-feng1, 2, HE Xiao-long1, 2, LI Jie3   

  1. 1. School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China; 2. Key Laboratory of High-Speed Railway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China; 3. China Railway 18th Bureau Group Corporation Limited, Tianjin 300222, China
  • Received:2023-07-01 Accepted:2023-11-30 Online:2024-06-19 Published:2024-06-20
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China “Intergovernmental International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation” (2022YFE0104600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52378463) and the Research Project of China Railway 18th Bureau Group Corporation Limited (2019H010504).

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摘要： 降雨地震多因素作用下基覆型边坡破坏模式的识别和评估具有重大工程意义。为研究降雨后地震作用下基覆型边坡的失稳演化机制，开展一组大型振动台模型试验，基于边坡土体空间变形特性和坡面位移特性识别和评估边坡的劣化模式，综合土体应力−应变特性、渗流场特性、地震动应力分布及边坡变形特性，对降雨后地震下边坡的变形演化机制进行探讨。结果表明：（1）降雨阶段，边坡坡顶与坡脚饱和度显著升高区强度劣化显著，但整体无明显变形；地震阶段，坡顶首先滑塌失稳，进一步演化为多级滑塌的整体失稳。（2）宏观破坏具有突发特征，边坡内部土体的空间应变分布特性能更好地识别边坡塑性区扩展−贯通−失稳的演化历程。（3）基于位移残余率分析的边坡失稳演化模式与土体空间应变演化特性结果吻合，相较于累积位移量对边坡损伤状态的识别更准确。（4）含水率变化影响土体力学特征，降雨后的渗流场分布影响边坡整体力学特性及地震动应力的传递及空间分布，土体力学特性和动应力空间特征决定边坡的破坏模式。

关键词: 基覆型边坡, 振动台试验, 降雨, 变形, 空间特性, 劣化机制, 稳定性评估

Abstract: Understanding the destabilization mechanisms in bedrock and overburden layer slopes influenced by both rainfall and seismic activity is of significant engineering importance. A series of large-scale shaking table model tests was conducted to investigate the instability evolution in bedrock and overburden layer slopes after rainfall and seismic events. This study identifies and assesses degradation modes based on spatial deformation characteristics and slope surface displacement patterns. It integrates soil stress-strain behavior, permeability characteristics, seismic stress distribution, and slope deformation characteristics to explore the deformation mechanisms in bedrock and overburden layer slopes after rainfall and seismic events. The results indicate: (1) During rainfall, saturation significantly increases at the slope crest and toe, leading to notable strength degradation without significant overall deformation. However, during seismic activity, the slope crest initially experiences sliding failure, evolving into multi-stage sliding instability. (2) Macroscopic damage occurs suddenly, and the spatial strain distribution within the slope better identifies the evolution of plastic zone expansion, penetration, and instability. (3) The slope’s instability evolution pattern, analyzed by residual displacement ratios, aligns well with the spatial strain evolution within the soil, showing greater sensitivity in identifying the slope’s damage state compared to cumulative displacement. (4) Changes in moisture content affect soil mechanical properties, and post-rainfall infiltration field distribution affects the slope’s overall mechanical behavior and the transmission and spatial distribution of seismic stress. Soil mechanical properties and dynamic stress spatial characteristics determine the slope’s failure modes.

Key words: bedrock and overburden layer slope, shaking table experiments, rainfall, deformation, spatial characteristics, deterioration mechanism, stability assessment

中图分类号: P65
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