赣南地区人工切坡降雨致灾机制现场模型试验

doi:10.16285/j.rsm.2020.1129

岩土力学 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 846-854.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2020.1129

赣南地区人工切坡降雨致灾机制现场模型试验

王力^{1, 2}，李高^{1, 2}，陈勇^{1, 2}，谭建民²，王世梅^{1, 2}，郭飞^{1, 2}

1. 三峡大学三峡库区地质灾害教育部重点实验室，湖北宜昌 443002；2. 中南地质科技创新中心，湖北武汉 430205

收稿日期:2020-08-03 修回日期:2020-12-18 出版日期:2021-03-11 发布日期:2021-03-17
通讯作者: 陈勇，男，1980年生，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事非饱和土的力学特性及边坡稳定分析研究。E-mail：cyonger@126.com E-mail:wangli_ctgu@126.com
作者简介:王力，男，1988年生，博士生，讲师，主要从事地质灾害防灾减灾及岩土基本理论研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（No.41701013，No.41807294）；中国地质调查局项目（No.DD20190716）

Field model test on failure mechanism of artificial cut-slope rainfall in Southern Jiangxi

WANG Li^{1, 2}, LI Gao^{1, 2}, CHEN Yong^{1, 2}, TAN Jian-min², WANG Shi-mei^{1, 2}, GUO Fei^{1, 2}

1. Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China; 2. Central South China Innovation Center for Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China

Received:2020-08-03 Revised:2020-12-18 Online:2021-03-11 Published:2021-03-17
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(41701013, 41807294) and the Geological Survey Project(DD20190716).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 赣南地区滑坡等地质灾害频发，降雨和人工切坡是该地区地质灾害的最主要诱发因素，物理模型试验尤其是现场模型试验是揭示滑坡发生机制的最有效手段。以赣南地区某风化变质岩人工切坡为研究对象，自主设计降雨模拟系统，布设有4个含水率、孔压监测孔及两处位移监测点，开展现场人工模拟降雨试验。研究边坡土体含水率、孔隙水压力以及位移与降雨过程的响应关系，探索持续强降雨作用下风化变质岩边坡的入渗规律，并揭示变质岩风化土坡的变形失稳模式。结果表明：降雨后土体含水率的变化存在滞后，雨水开始入渗后含水率持续增加，含水率增大幅度随其深度增大而减小；各测孔浅层土体孔压值降雨入渗过程响应明显，表层1 m以下土体一直处于非饱和状态；监测点位移与含水率变化速率呈明显的正相关，边坡变形主要集中于含水率变化明显的边坡一侧；边坡位移与孔压值变化响应明显，边坡内部土体发生剪胀变形现象使得孔压值降低，边坡变形速率随即减小；强降雨条件下陡峭人工切坡的变形破坏过程可归纳为3阶段：陡峭坡面分散坍滑，平台形成拉裂缝，边坡大范围垮塌。

关键词: 现场试验, 降雨入渗, 剪胀变形, 破坏机制, 破坏模式

Abstract: Geological disasters such as landslides occur frequently in southern Jiangxi, mostly induced by rainfall and artificial slope cutting. Physical model tests, especially field model tests, are considered effective to reveal the mechanism of landslides. The case on a cutting slope featured with weathered metamorphic rock in southern Jiangxi is investigated, in which a self-designed rainfall simulation system is applied. The alignment of field instrumentation includes four boreholes for measuring water content as well as pore pressure and two monitoring points for displacement. An artificial rainfall was carried out on the site. The ground response in terms of water content of slope soil, pore water pressure, displacement from the rainfall process is investigated, and the infiltration manner of weathered metamorphic rock slope under continuous heavy rainfall is discovered. The deformation and failure mode of slope based on weathered metamorphic rock is concluded. The results show that there is a lag in the change of soil moisture content after rainfall. The moisture content performs continuously increasing with the infiltration of rainfall water, and the value decreases with depth. The log of pore pressure collected from the bore hole shows an obvious response to the rainfall condition in shallower layers, and the soil below the depth of 1 m stays unsaturated. The displacement at the monitoring point is obviously positively correlated with the rate of change of water content, and the slope deformation is mainly performed on the side of the slope where the water content changes significantly. The slope displacement shows obvious dependence on the change of the pore pressure. The dilatancy deformation of the soil inside the slope reduces the pore pressure value, resulting in the decrease of the rate of slope deformation. The deformation and failure process of a steep artificial cut-slope under heavy rainfall conditions can be divided into three stages: the scattering and slipping of the slope surface; the formation of tensile cracks on the platform; the overall collapse of the slope.

Key words: field test, rainfall infiltration, dilatancy deformation, failure mechanism, failure mode

中图分类号:

TU42

王力, 李高, 陈勇, 谭建民, 王世梅, 郭飞, . 赣南地区人工切坡降雨致灾机制现场模型试验[J]. 岩土力学, 2021, 42(3): 846-854.

WANG Li, LI Gao, CHEN Yong, TAN Jian-min, WANG Shi-mei, GUO Fei, . Field model test on failure mechanism of artificial cut-slope rainfall in Southern Jiangxi[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2021, 42(3): 846-854.

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赣南地区人工切坡降雨致灾机制现场模型试验

Field model test on failure mechanism of artificial cut-slope rainfall in Southern Jiangxi

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