深海硅藻土微观结构及一维压缩特性研究

doi:10.16285/j.rsm.2022.0405

岩土力学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (S1): 268-276.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2022.0405

深海硅藻土微观结构及一维压缩特性研究

洪义^{1, 2, 3}，郑博文^{1, 3, 4}，姚梦浩^{2, 3}，王立忠^{1, 2}，孙海泉⁴，许冬^{5, 6}

1. 浙江大学海洋学院，浙江舟山316022，2. 浙江大学建筑工程学院，浙江杭州310058； 3. 浙江大学浙江省海洋岩土工程与材料重点试验室，浙江杭州 310058，4. 浙江大学海南研究院，海南三亚 572025； 5. 自然资源部第二海洋研究所，浙江杭州，310012，6. 自然资源部海底科学重点实验室，浙江杭州，310012

收稿日期:2022-03-30 接受日期:2022-08-24 出版日期:2023-11-16 发布日期:2023-11-17
通讯作者: 王立忠，男，1969年生，博士，教授，主要研究方向为软土力学、海洋岩土工程。E-mail: wlzzju@163.com E-mail:yi_hong@zju.edu.cn.
作者简介:洪义，男，1985年生，博士，教授，主要从事海洋岩土工程等方面的研究工作。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（No. 52122906，No. 52238001，No. 52271294）；海南省重大科技计划项目（No. ZDKJ202019）；浙江省重点研发计划项目（No. LHZ20E090001）

Microstructure and one-dimensional compression characteristics of deep-sea diatomite

HONG Yi^{1, 2, 3}, ZHENG Bo-wen^{1, 3, 4}, YAO Meng-hao^{2, 3}, WANG Li-zhong^{1, 2}, SUN Hai-quan⁴, XU Dong^{5, 6}

1. College of Oceanology, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China; 2. College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; 3. Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Geotechnical Engineering and Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; 4. China Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan 572025, China; 5 The Second Institute of Oceanology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China; 6. Key Laboratory of Seabed Science, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China

Received:2022-03-30 Accepted:2022-08-24 Online:2023-11-16 Published:2023-11-17
Supported by:
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (52122906, 52238001, 52271294), the Major Science and Technology Project of Hainan Province (ZDKJ202019) and the Key R&D Project of Zhejiang Province (LHZ20E090001).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目前陆上及浅海海相软土的微观结构和压缩特性研究较为广泛，而深海软土的微观结构和压缩特性研究较少，但随着海洋工程向深水发展，深海软土的特性值得关注。硅藻土广泛分布于深海海底，是深海软土的一种，其具有多样性，不遵循软土经典规律的特点，目前国内外对原位未扰动样品研究很少。针对西太平洋（水深为4 423～4 674 m）原位硅藻土样，通过电镜扫描（scanning electron microscope，简称SEM）、压汞试验（mercury intrusion porosimety，简称MIP）、常规一维压缩固结试验及多级荷载下（单级加载维持7 d）一维压缩固结试验，开展深海硅藻土微观结构、压缩特性及次固结特性的试验研究。试验结果表明：深海硅藻土的压缩指数分布在1.70～1.95之间，较其他陆上及浅海海相软土大0.6～1.2左右；且在固结完成后的蠕变阶段，硅藻土仍长时间发生体积变形，且并未出现变形收敛趋于稳定的态势，可能是由于硅藻颗粒外壳的持续破碎所导致，这一假设已被加载阶段的SEM和MIP试验观测结果所证实。

关键词: 深海硅藻土, 微观结构, 一维压缩特性, 蠕变特性, 颗粒破碎, 宏微观相结合

Abstract: At present, the microstructure and compression characteristics of marine soft soils in onshore and shallow seas are widely studied, while those of deep-sea soft soils are less studied. However, with the development of marine engineering to deep water, the characteristics of deep-sea soft soils deserve attention. Diatomite is widely distributed in the deep sea and it is a kind of deep sea soft soil. It has diversity and does not follow the characteristics of classical soft soil laws. Currently, there are few studies on in-situ undisturbed samples. To investigate the microstructures, compression characteristics and secondary consolidation properties of deep-sea diatomite, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests, traditional oedometer tests and multistage oedometer tests (7-day loading for each stage) were carried out on diatomite sampled from the western Pacific Ocean at the depth between 4 423 and 4 674 meters. The experimental results show that the compression index of deep-sea diatomite ranges from 1.7 to 1.95, which is about 0.6 to 1.2 larger than that of other terrestrial and shallow marine soft soils. In addition, in the creep stage after consolidation, diatomite still has volume deformation for a long time, and there is no stable trend of deformation convergence, which may be caused by the continuous breaking of the shell of diatom particles. This hypothesis has been confirmed by SEM and MIP tests observation results in the loading stage.

Key words: deep-sea diatomite, microstructure, one-dimensional compression characteristics, creep characteristics；particle breakage, macro and micro combination

中图分类号:

TU 411

洪义, 郑博文, 姚梦浩, 王立忠, 孙海泉, 许冬, . 深海硅藻土微观结构及一维压缩特性研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2023, 44(S1): 268-276.

HONG Yi, ZHENG Bo-wen, YAO Meng-hao, WANG Li-zhong, SUN Hai-quan, XU Dong, . Microstructure and one-dimensional compression characteristics of deep-sea diatomite[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2023, 44(S1): 268-276.

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深海硅藻土微观结构及一维压缩特性研究

Microstructure and one-dimensional compression characteristics of deep-sea diatomite

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