岩土力学 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 2055-2070.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2025.0480CSTR: 32223.14.j.rsm.2025.0480

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

酸蚀作用下软弱夹层剪切特性及本构模型研究

宋思凡1, 2，胡斌1, 2，张翔宇1, 2，李京1, 2，黄磊3，李炳炎1, 2   

  1. 1. 武汉科技大学 冶金矿产资源高效利用与造块湖北省重点试验室，湖北 武汉 430081；2. 武汉科技大学 资源与环境工程学院， 湖北 武汉 430081；3. 中国地质大学（武汉） 湖北巴东地质灾害国家野外科学观测研究站，湖北 武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-13 接受日期:2025-08-18 出版日期:2026-06-11 发布日期:2026-06-06
  • 通讯作者: 胡斌，男，1974年生，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事边坡稳定性论证与动态调控等方面的研究。E-mail: hbin74@wust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:宋思凡，男，2001年生，硕士研究生，主要从事岩土体长期稳定性分析方面的研究。E-mail: 2302803705@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（No.42307252，No.U1802243）；自然资源部丘陵山地地质灾害防治重点实验室开放基金（No.FJKLGH2024K001）；武科大重大科技项目培育类创新团队（A类）（No.2018TDX01）。

Shear characteristics and constitutive model of weak interlayer subjected to acid corrosion

SONG Si-fan1, 2, HU Bin1, 2, ZHANG Xiang-yu1, 2, LI Jing1, 2, HUANG Lei3, LI Bing-yan1, 2   

  1. 1. Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China; 2. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430081, China; 3. Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
  • Received:2025-05-13 Accepted:2025-08-18 Online:2026-06-11 Published:2026-06-06
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42307252, U1802243), the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Geological Disaster Prevention and Control in Hilly and Mountainous Areas, Ministry of Natural Resources (FJKLGH2024K001) and the Major Scientific and Technological Project Cultivation Innovation Team of Wuhan University of Science and Technology (Category A) (2018TDX01).

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摘要： 炭质泥页岩软弱夹层在富有机酸环境中的时效性劣化是诱发岩土工程失稳的关键因素。为探明酸蚀作用下软弱夹层剪切特性及其蕴含的酸蚀机制，以四川黄山石灰石矿山的二叠系软弱夹层为研究对象，开展了草酸溶液浸泡后软弱夹层试样的直剪试验，并进行溶液pH值监测、电镜扫描和波速测试。研究结果表明：软弱夹层中的部分矿物成分能够与草酸溶液发生现象较为明显的化学反应，且浸泡溶液pH值随时间的增加而升高，最终呈现出弱碱性。草酸解离产生的H⁺通过溶解胶结矿物，显著增加微观孔隙率，并导致岩石声波纵波波速劣化具体表现为纵波波速增加、波速变化率逐渐减小。微观损伤进一步向宏观尺度传递，具体表现为剪切破坏形态随酸度增强发生显著演变；且酸蚀后软弱夹层的剪切破坏阶段的应力跌落现象明显减弱，塑性特征显著增强；随着时间的延长及溶液pH值的降低，软弱夹层的黏聚力和内摩擦角均有所减小，抗剪强度呈逐渐劣化的趋势，且强度的降低集中于浸泡初期（0～7 d）。最后，运用统计损伤理论，建立了适用于化学−荷载作用下的岩石统计损伤模型，并与室内直剪试验结果进行对比分析，验证了所建模型的正确性及合理性。

关键词: 酸蚀作用, 软弱夹层, 剪切特性, 酸蚀机制, 本构模型

Abstract: Aging deterioration of the soft interlayer of carbonaceous shale in acid-rich environment is a key factor inducing geotechnical engineering instability. To investigate the deterioration of shear behavior of the weak interlayer under acid corrosion and the underlying acid corrosion mechanism, the Permian weak interlayer from the Huangshan limestone mine in Sichuan province was selected as the study object. Direct shear tests on weak interlayer specimens were carried out after soaking in oxalic acid solution, along with pH monitoring, scanning electron microscopy, and wave velocity measurements. The results show that some mineral components in the weak interlayer react more readily with oxalic acid solution. The pH value of the immersion solution increases with time and eventually shows slightly alkaline. The H⁺ generated by oxalic acid dissociation significantly increases microscopic porosity by dissolving cemented minerals, leading to the deterioration of the longitudinal wave velocity of rock acoustic waves. This deterioration is specifically manifested as an increase in longitudinal wave velocity and a gradual decrease in the wave velocity change rate. Microscopic damage further propagates to the macroscale, specifically manifested as a significant evolution of the shear failure morphology with increasing acidity. Moreover, the stress drop phenomenon during shear failure stage of the weak interlayer after acid erosion is significantly weakened, and the plastic characteristics are notably enhanced. As immersion time increases and solution pH decreases, the cohesion and internal friction angle of the weak interlayer decrease, and the shear strength shows a tendency of gradual deterioration. The reduction in strength is concentrated in the early stage of immersion (0−7 d). Finally, a statistical damage model for rock under chemical-loading was established based on statistical damage theory. The model results were compared with indoor direct shear test results to verify the accuracy and validity of the model.

Key words: acid corrosion, weak interlayer, shear characteristics, acid corrosion mechanism, constitutive model

中图分类号: TD315
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