关键词: 锚杆, 支护效应, 隧道, 真三轴试验机, 模型试验, 软岩

Abstract: Adopting new developed epoxy series-colophony series material as the model simulation material, through solving a series of technological matters in execution and installation and testing, comparing bolt-reinforced tunnel model with unreinfoeced tunnel model and with various length bolt models by forming same boundary condition in large-scale real triaxial test machine, some rules about how bolt affects the surrounding rock in final are obtained. The stress rises in reinforced area than that in unreinforced model while the stress out of the reinforced area tendences to same standard in both models; the peak stress in reinforced area becomes or approaches the maximum stress value among the surrounding rock; the tensile stress status in unreinforced model alters to compressive stress in reinforced model by bolt effect. The compressive stress in radial and tangential direction enhances with the length of bolt adding and sequentially the stability of surrounding rock enlarged. In addition, the fact that the distribution trend of stress becomes same in various loading rank indicates that the affection by bolt supporting goes in the same way in different deep tunnel within a certain depth. Finally, the gap value of radial strain approaches curvilinear distribution in top of tunnel while that in hance of tunnel approaches linear approximately; and it provides practical base for researching shear stress distribution along bolt in bolt mechanism.

Key words: bolt, supporting effect, tunnel, real triaxial testing machine, model test, soft rock