岩土力学 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 4607-4619.doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2018.1831

• 基础理论与实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

渗透压作用对灰岩孔隙结构演化规律影响 的试验研究

宋战平1, 2，程昀1，杨腾添2, 3，霍润科1, 2，王军保1, 2，刘新荣4   

  1. 1. 西安建筑科技大学 土木工程学院，陕西 西安 710055；2. 西安建筑科技大学 陕西省岩土与地下空间工程重点实验室，陕西 西安 710055； 3. 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司，天津 300300；4. 重庆大学 土木工程学院，重庆 400044
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-30 出版日期:2019-12-11 发布日期:2020-01-03
  • 作者简介:宋战平，男，1974年生，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事岩土工程领域的教学和科研工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（No.51578447）；住房和城乡建设部科学技术计划项目（No.2017-K4-032）。

Experimental study of the influence of osmotic pressure on pore structure evolution in limestone

SONG Zhan-ping1, 2, CHENG Yun1, YANG Teng-tian2, 3, HUO Run-ke1, 2, WANG Jun-bao1, 2, LIU Xin-rong4   

  1. 1. School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China; 2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710055, China; 3. China Railway Bridge Engineering Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, China; 4. School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
  • Received:2018-09-30 Online:2019-12-11 Published:2020-01-03
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51578447) and the Fund of Housing Urban and Rural Construction Technology Research and Development Project Foundation of China(2017-K4-032).

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摘要： 富水隧道水岩作用的复杂性导致岩体内部孔隙结构的演化具有不稳定性，会诱发岩体的劣化、失稳等现象，这对地下渗流岩体稳定性的研究提出了更高的要求。为探究贵阳下麦西隧道灰岩在渗透水压作用下溶蚀孔隙结构的演化规律，对不同渗透水处理的灰岩试件进行了声发射、压汞、SEM及荧光光度试验，获得了灰岩溶蚀质量损失率、波形、频谱图、孔隙分布曲线及电镜扫描图像等。结果表明：灰岩质量损失率随渗透压增加呈缓慢增加?快速发展的发展趋势，渗透压分界点为6 MPa。随着渗透压增加，波形首波振幅逐渐衰减，波形曲线衰减较快且较早趋于稳定，波尾发育程度减缓。灰岩主频峰值逐渐衰减，由单峰向多峰演化，主频峰值与渗透压呈二次函数关系，且声波频率由（相对）高频段向低频段发展。溶蚀灰岩的大、中孔隙对渗透能力起到了决定性作用。随渗透压增加，灰岩累计进汞量呈指数函数增加，CaCO3和SiO2成分含量均呈指数函数变化。机械溶蚀较为敏感，化学溶蚀受溶蚀时间限制无法在短期内快速发展，机械溶蚀占据主导作用。建立的接触冲刷模型表明，渗透水的拖拽力取决于水流速度，而渗透压的提高则可增加单位体积的水压力梯度，进而提高水流速度。

关键词: 灰岩, 渗透压, 水岩作用, 孔隙, 溶蚀作用

Abstract: In karst water-enriched tunnel, due to the complexity of water-rock coupling effect, the evolution of pore structure in rock mass is unstable and will induce the deterioration and instability of rock mass, which puts forward higher requirements for the research of the stability of underground permeability rock mass. Firstly, to investigate the effect of osmotic pressure on the karst pore structure, osmotic test, acoustic emission test, mercury injection test, SEM test and fluorescence photometric test were carried out on limestone from Maixi tunnel, Guiyang, treated with different osmotic pressures. Then, the mass loss rates, P-wave patterns and frequency spectrum, pore distribution curves and scanning electron microscope images were obtained. Results show that the mass loss rates of limestone show the tendency of "slow increase-rapid development" with the increase of osmotic pressure, and the demarcation points of the two phases is 6 MPa. With the increase of osmotic pressure, the amplitude of head wave gradually decays, and the waveform curve first decays quickly and then tends to be stable early, and the development degree of wave tail gradually slows down. Also, it is found the peak of dominant frequency gradually decays and evolves from single peak to multiple peak and has excellent quadratic function with osmotic pressure, and that the wave frequency develops from (relatively) high frequency to low frequency. Besides, the macropores and mesopores formed by dissolution play a decisive role in the permeability of limestone. With the increase of osmotic pressure, the accumulation of mercury increases exponentially. Meanwhile, the mineral contents including CaCO3 and SiO2 change exponentially. Compared with chemical dissolution, mechanical dissolution is more sensitive to time and dominates the formation of pores. In additional, the established water-rock contacting dissolution model indicates that the drag force of osmotic water depends on its flow velocity, while the increase of osmotic pressure can enlarge the osmotic pressure gradient, thus increasing the flow velocity.

Key words: limestone, osmotic pressure, water-rock interaction, pore, dissolution action

中图分类号: 

  • TU 452
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